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a set of operator symbols, called connectives, [18] [1] [50] logical connectives, [1] logical operators, [1] truth-functional connectives, [1] truth-functors, [37] or propositional connectives. [ 2 ] A well-formed formula is any atomic formula, or any formula that can be built up from atomic formulas by means of operator symbols according to ...
The self-dual connectives, which are equal to their own de Morgan dual; if the truth values of all variables are reversed, so is the truth value these connectives return, e.g. , maj(p, q, r). The truth-preserving connectives; they return the truth value T under any interpretation that assigns T to all variables, e.g. ∨ , ∧ , ⊤ , → , ↔ ...
Logical connectives can be used to link zero or more statements, so one can speak about n-ary logical connectives. The boolean constants True and False can be thought of as zero-ary operators. Negation is a unary connective, and so on.
Formulas in logic are typically built up recursively from some propositional variables, some number of logical connectives, and some logical quantifiers.Propositional variables are the atomic formulas of propositional logic, and are often denoted using capital roman letters such as , and .
D.A.V. Public School follows the DAV Publication Books through to Std. VIII. Std. IX and X follow the NCERT publication books. A D.A.V. Board exam is held for Std. VIII while a CBSE Board is held for Std. X. Question papers for students studying in Standard IX of all DAV Schools are common.
The school is affiliated to the CBSE, New Delhi and follows the curriculum developed by the DAVCMC, Delhi till Class 8. The school students appear mainly for five main public examinations every year, namely: All India Secondary School Examination [for Class 10 students] All India Senior School Certificate Examination [for Class 12 students]
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De Morgan's laws represented with Venn diagrams.In each case, the resultant set is the set of all points in any shade of blue. In propositional logic and Boolean algebra, De Morgan's laws, [1] [2] [3] also known as De Morgan's theorem, [4] are a pair of transformation rules that are both valid rules of inference.