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Elbow fractures are any broken bone in or near the elbow joint and include olecranon fractures, supracondylar humerus fractures and radial head fractures. [1] The elbow joint is formed by three different bones: the ulna, radius, and humerus that permit the joint to move like a hinge and allow a person to straighten and bend their arm and these bones are connected by tendons, ligaments, and ...
Radial head fractures are a common type of elbow fracture that typically occurs after a fall on an outstretched arm. [1] They account for approximately one third of all elbow fractures and are frequently associated with other injuries of the elbow. [2] [3] Radial head fractures are diagnosed by a clinical assessment and medical imaging.
Antero-posterior (AP) and lateral view of the elbow joint should be obtained. Any other sites of pain, deformity, or tenderness should warrant an X-ray for that area too. X-ray of the forearm (AP and lateral) should also be obtained for because of the common association of supracondylar fractures with the fractures of the forearm.
Because dislocations make the knee unstable, 15% of patellas will re-dislocate. [30] Patellar dislocations often occur when the knee is in full extension and sustains a trauma from the lateral to medial side. [31] Elbow: Posterior dislocation, 90% of all elbow dislocations [32] Wrist: Lunate and Perilunate dislocation most common [33]
The posterior fat pad is normally pressed in the olecranon fossa by the triceps tendon, and hence invisible on lateral radiograph of the elbow. [3] When there is a fracture of the distal humerus, or other pathology involving the elbow joint, inflammation develops around the synovial membrane forcing the fat pad out of its normal physiologic resting place.
The composition of the triangular ligamentous structure on the lateral side of the elbow varies widely between individuals [1] and can be considered either a single ligament, [2] in which case multiple distal attachments are generally mentioned and the annular ligament is described separately, or as several separate ligaments, [1] in which case parts of those ligaments are often described as ...
Elbow dislocation and radial head or neck fractures are common when one falls on an outstretched hand. [18] Elbow Dislocations are divided into two categories; Simple and complex. Simple dislocations are defined as soft tissue injury whereas complex involves a fracture.
The acute rupture occurs in collisions when the elbow is in flexion such as that in a wrestling match or a tackle in football. The ulnar collateral ligament distributes over fifty percent of the medial support of the elbow. [16] [17] This can result in an UCL injury or a dislocated elbow causing severe damage to the elbow and the radioulnar joints.