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2. Backflow prevention device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backflow_prevention_device

   A backflow prevention device is used to protect potable water supplies from contamination or pollution due to backflow. In water distribution systems, water is normally maintained at a significant pressure to enable water to flow from the tap, shower, or other fixture. Water pressure may fail or be reduced when a water main bursts, pipes freeze ...

3. Reduced pressure zone device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduced_pressure_zone_device

   Reduced pressure zone device connected to a fire hydrant. A reduced pressure zone device (RPZD, RPZ, or RPZ valve) is a type of backflow prevention device used to protect water supplies from contamination. RPZDs may also be known as reduced pressure principle (RP), reduced pressure principle backflow prevention devices, [1][2] reduced pressure ...

4. Air gap (plumbing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_gap_(plumbing)

   A common use of the term "air gap" in domestic plumbing refers to a specialized fixture that provides backflow prevention for an installed dishwasher. This "air gap" is visible above the sink as a small cylindrical fixture mounted near the faucet. In the base cabinet under the sink, the drain hose from the dishwasher feeds the "top" of the air ...

5. Atmospheric vacuum breaker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_vacuum_breaker

   An Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker (AVB) is a backflow prevention device used in plumbing to prevent backflow of non-potable liquids into the drinking water system. Diagram of Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker in both working states. It is usually constructed of brass and resembles a 90-degree elbow with a hood on its top to allow air to enter the water ...

6. Backflow - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backflow

   Backflow is a term in plumbing for an unwanted flow of water in the reverse direction. [1] It can be a serious health risk for the contamination of potable water supplies with foul water. In the most obvious case, a toilet flush cistern and its water supply must be isolated from the toilet bowl. For this reason, building codes mandate a series ...

7. Backwater valve - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backwater_valve

   Backwater valve. A backwater valve is a backflow prevention device used to prevent outbound water through a dwelling's drain pipes from re-entering -- " back flowing "—into a home. The valve contains a flap that allows water to exit the home, but closes to prevent the back flow into the home. [ 1 ]