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  2. Differential (mechanical device) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_(mechanical...

    A relatively simple design of differential is used in rear-wheel drive vehicles, whereby a ring gear is driven by a pinion gear connected to the transmission. The functions of this design are to change the axis of rotation by 90 degrees (from the propshaft to the half-shafts) and provide a reduction in the gear ratio .

  3. Limited-slip differential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited-slip_differential

    The early Packard Twin Traction unit is designed to function in this manner, which was promoted to provide a different benefit: if one rear drive wheel momentarily leaves the ground when it hits a bump with the differential under load, the airborne wheel will not spin freely and cause the vehicle to break traction when the spinning wheel ...

  4. Locking differential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locking_differential

    ARB air-locking differential fitted to a Mitsubishi Delica L400 LWB Diff. A locking differential is a mechanical component, commonly used in vehicles, designed to overcome the chief limitation of a standard open differential by essentially "locking" both wheels on an axle together as if on a common shaft. This forces both wheels to turn in ...

  5. Torque tube - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque_tube

    Number 1 is the differential housing. Numbers 3 are the optional radius arms. Number 4 is the torque ball. A torque tube system is a power transmission and braking technology that involves a stationary housing around the drive shaft, often used in automobiles with a front engine and rear

  6. Transaxle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaxle

    Csonka transaxle from 1908 Drawing of the "Alfa Transaxle" layout, with gearbox mounted in block at the rear differential; also inboard brakes to reduce unsprung mass. A transaxle is a single mechanical device which combines the functions of an automobile's transmission, axle, and differential into one integrated assembly. [1]

  7. Torque vectoring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque_vectoring

    A torque vectoring differential requires an electronic monitoring system in addition to standard mechanical components. This electronic system tells the differential when and how to vary the torque. Due to the number of wheels that receive power, a front or rear wheel drive differential is less complex than an all-wheel drive differential.

  8. Axle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axle

    The drive axle may be a live axle, but modern rear-wheel drive automobiles generally use a split axle with a differential. In this case, one half-axle or half-shaft connects the differential with the left rear wheel, a second half-shaft does the same with the right rear wheel; thus the two half-axles and the differential constitute the rear ...

  9. Viscous coupling unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscous_coupling_unit

    It linked the front and rear differentials for quiet and smooth transfer of power to the axle with the greatest traction, on wet or dry pavement. [4] Viscous couplings are used as the center differential in cars such as the Toyota Celica GT-Four, and also as a limited slip differential (LSD) in rear axles.