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Stern emphasizes the need for prolonged supportive treatment before traditional psychoanalytic techniques can be effectively applied (Stern, 1938). He highlights the intense dependency and emotional immaturity of these patients, which complicates their engagement in therapy.
A military dog barking. Cynophobia [a] (from the Greek: κύων kýōn "dog" and φόβος phóbos "fear") is the fear of dogs and canines in general. Cynophobia is classified as a specific phobia, under the subtype "animal phobias". [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 February 2025. The following is a list of mental disorders as defined at any point by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A mental disorder, also known as a mental illness, mental health condition, or psychiatric ...
Psychotherapy is a relatively new method used in treatment of mental disorders. The practice of individual psychotherapy as a treatment of mental disorders is about 100 years old. Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) was the first one to introduce this concept in psychoanalysis. [6]
Research has attempted to subtype youth with callous-unemotional traits by distinguishing between those with childhood-onset versus adolescent-onset conduct disorder, conduct disorder co-morbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or by the severity and type of aggression displayed. [7]
Personality disorder not otherwise specified (PD-NOS) is a subclinical [a] diagnostic classification for some DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders not listed in DSM-IV. [1] The DSM-5 does not have a direct equivalent to PD-NOS. However, the DSM-5 other specified personality disorder and unspecified personality disorder are substantially ...
The goal of all DBT treatment approaches is to reduce the ineffective action tendencies linked to dysregulated emotions. DBT is based on a biosocial theory of personality functioning in which the core problem is seen as the breakdown of the patient's cognitive, behavioral and emotional regulation systems when experiencing intense emotions.
Immature personality disorder was a type of personality disorder diagnosis. It is characterized by lack of emotional development, low tolerance of stress and anxiety, inability to accept personal responsibility, and reliance on age-inappropriate defense mechanisms . [ 3 ]