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Most people in Nigeria do not have access to clean water, especially in the rural areas. [10] The global water sanitation and hygiene statistics shows that 79 per cent of Nigerians go through the challenge of water scarcity. [11] In 2015, around 60 million people lacked access to "at least basic" water.
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Long-term drought in Nigeria has resulted in desertification and a shortage of land for raising cattle and growing crops. [1] To obtain land for farming or grazing, farmers and herdsmen are encouraged to go to new areas, which frequently leads to violence [2] [3] [4] Herdsmen and farmers have been engaged in increasingly violent fights over the previous two years.
In 2022, Nigeria lost more than 600 people and farmlands to the worst flooding in a decade following heavy rain and after Cameroon released water from Lagdo dam.
This water scarcity relates to water available for food production, rather than for drinking water which is a much smaller amount. [3] [21] Some academics favour adding a third type which would be called ecological water scarcity. [19] It would focus on the water demand of ecosystems.
Home to 20 million people and 40 different ethnic groups, this floodplain makes up 7.5% of Nigeria's total land mass, [4] and is Africa's largest wetland. [5] The Delta's environment can be broken down into four ecological zones: coastal barrier islands, mangrove swamp forests, freshwater swamps, and lowland rainforests.
The main causes of water scarcity in Africa are physical and economic water scarcity, rapid population growth, and the effects of climate change on the water cycle. Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand . [ 1 ]
The dam was insufficient to meet local needs in times of drought. In January 2001, the Zamfara State Governor, Ahmed Sani Yerima met the federal minister of Water Resources, Mohammed Bello Kaliel and told him that Gusau Dam could dry up soon, asking the Federal Government to transfer water from the Bakolori Dam to Gusau. Kaliel said the Federal ...