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The passé composé is formed by the auxiliary verb, usually the avoir auxiliary, followed by the past participle.The construction is parallel to that of the present perfect (there is no difference in French between perfect and non-perfect forms - although there is an important difference in usage between the perfect tense and the imperfect tense).
The past participle can act as the Past verbal adjective (Adjectif verbal passé) (e.g. la fille sauvée (the girl that has been rescued)). However some verbs are irregular, their verbal adjective slightly differs from their present participle (most of these irregular verbs have a verbal adjective ending on ent instead of ant ).
Verbs in French are conjugated to reflect the following information: a mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive, or conditional) a tense (past, present, or future, though not all tenses can be combined with all moods) an aspect (perfective or imperfective) a voice (active, passive, [a] or reflexive [a]) Nonfinite forms (e.g., participles ...
Aside from être and avoir (considered categories unto themselves), French verbs are traditionally [1] grouped into three conjugation classes (groupes): . The first conjugation class consists of all verbs with infinitives ending in -er, except for the irregular verb aller and (by some accounts) the irregular verbs envoyer and renvoyer; [2] the verbs in this conjugation, which together ...
List of English simple past and past participle verb forms, MyEnglishTeacher.net, Advanced Learning Center, 2001. Ernest De Witt Burton. "The adverbial participle", in Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of New Testament Greek, 1906, p. 169.
The verb aller also constructs its past participle and simple past differently, according to the endings for -er verbs. A feature with these verbs is the competition between the SUBJ stem and the 1P stem to control the first and second plural present subjunctive, the imperative and the present participle, in ways that vary from verb to verb.
The passé simple (French pronunciation: [pase sɛ̃pl], simple past, preterite, or past historic), also called the passé défini (IPA: [pase defini], definite past), is the literary equivalent of the passé composé in the French language, used predominantly in formal writing (including history and literature) and formal speech.
dû (the past participle of the very common irregular verb devoir, or the noun created from this participle) is kept to make the distinction with du (the required contraction of de + le, which means some when used as an undetermined masculine article, or means of the when used as a preposition).
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