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The history of Antarctica emerges from early Western theories of a vast continent, known as Terra Australis, believed to exist in the far south of the globe. The term Antarctic, referring to the opposite of the Arctic Circle, was coined by Marinus of Tyre in the 2nd century AD. The rounding of the Cape of Good Hope and Cape Horn in the 15th and ...
1924–1951 – Discovery Investigations. 1928 - First aeroplane flight over Antarctica by Hubert Wilkins and Carl Ben Eielson [11] 1929–1931 – British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) – led by Douglas Mawson. 1928–1930 – Richard Evelyn Byrd – First expedition.
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Antarctica is the remotest part of the world, but it is a hub of scientific discovery, international diplomacy and environmental change. It was officially discovered 200 years ago, on Jan. 27 ...
The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration was an era in the exploration of the continent of Antarctica which began at the end of the 19th century, and ended after the First World War; the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition of 1921–1922 is often cited by historians as the dividing line between the "Heroic" and "Mechanical" ages. [1][2][3] During the ...
Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of 1.9 km (1.2 mi). Antarctica is, on average, the coldest, driest, and windiest of the continents, and it has the highest average elevation. It is mainly a polar desert, with annual precipitation of over 200 mm (8 in) along the coast and far less inland.
Exploration of Antarctica. List of Antarctic exploration ships from the Heroic Age, 1897–1922.
1838–1840. French and American expeditions, led by Jules Dumont d'Urville and Charles Wilkes. John Sac, a Māori travelling with Wilkes, becomes the first New Zealander to cross the Antarctic Circle. [1] 1895. New Zealander Alexander von Tunzelmann becomes the first person to set foot on Antarctica, at Cape Adare.