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The Romance languages, also known as the Latin[1] or Neo-Latin[2] languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin. [3] They are the only extant subgroup of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family. The five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are:
Romance languages have a number of shared features across all languages: Romance languages are moderately inflecting, i.e. there is a moderately complex system of affixes (primarily suffixes) that are attached to word roots to convey grammatical information such as number, gender, person, tense, etc. Verbs have much more inflection than nouns.
Another common classification begins by splitting the Romance languages into two main branches, East and West. The East group includes Romanian, the languages of Corsica and Sardinia, [9] and all languages of Italy south of a line through the cities of Rimini and La Spezia (see La Spezia–Rimini Line).
A pan-Romance language or Romance interlanguage [1][2] is a codified linguistic variety which synthesizes the variation of the Romance languages and is representative of these as a whole. It can be seen as a standard language proposal for the whole language family [3] but is generally considered a zonal constructed language because it's the ...
Romansh (/ roʊˈmænʃ, roʊˈmɑːnʃ / roh-MA (H)NSH; sometimes also spelled Romansch and Rumantsch) [ note 1 ] is a Gallo-Romance and/or Rhaeto-Romance language spoken predominantly in the Swiss canton of the Grisons (Graubünden). Romansh has been recognized as a national language of Switzerland since 1938, and as an official language in ...
Romanian is the only major Romance language where definite articles are enclitic: that is, attached to the end of the noun (as in The Scandinavian Languages, Bulgarian and Albanian), instead of in front . [108] They were formed, as in other Romance languages, from the Latin demonstrative pronouns.
Latin was the official language of the Roman army until the mid-6th century, and remained the most common language for military use even in the Eastern empire until the 630s. [32] By contrast, only two bishops are known to have spoken Latin at the ecumenical councils held during the reign of Theodosius II (d. 450 AD). [33]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Romance languages. For a list of words relating to Romance languages, see the Romance languages category of words in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The main article for this category is Romance languages. This category and its subcategories are arranged according to Romance languages tree at Ethnologue.