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In 2019, schistosomiasis impacted approximately 236.6 million individuals across the globe. [12] Each year, it is estimated that between 4,400 and 200,000 individuals succumb to it. [7] [8] The illness predominantly occurs in regions of Africa, Asia, and South America. [5]
It is found in Africa and the Middle East. It is the major agent of schistosomiasis, the most prevalent parasitic infection in humans. [1] It is the only blood fluke that infects the urinary tract, causing urinary schistosomiasis, and is a leading cause of bladder cancer (only next to tobacco smoking). [2] [3] The diseases are caused by the eggs.
It causes intestinal schistosomiasis (similar to S. japonicum, S. mekongi, S. guineensis, and S. intercalatum). Clinical symptoms are caused by the eggs. As the leading cause of schistosomiasis in the world, it is the most prevalent parasite in humans. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease.
Schistosomiasis in South-Central Africa (1950) Medicine and Magic of the Mashona (1956) Shona Ritual (1959) Medicine in Tropical Africa (1961) Medicine and Custom in Africa (1964) An African's Religion (1966) The African Witch (1967) African Crucible (1968) Diet and Tradition in an African Culture (1971) The Genuine Shona (1973)
Schistosoma is a genus of trematodes, commonly known as blood flukes.They are parasitic flatworms responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans termed schistosomiasis, which is considered by the World Health Organization to be the second-most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease (after malaria), infecting millions worldwide.
In sub-Saharan Africa, the effect of neglected tropical diseases as a group is comparable to that of malaria and tuberculosis. [4] NTD co-infection can also make HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis more deadly. [5] Some treatments for NTDs are relatively inexpensive. For example, praziquantel for schistosomiasis costs about US $0.20 per child per year. [6]
S. haematobium is a digenetic trematode found in Africa and the Middle East. It is the major agent of schistosomiasis, the most prevalent parasitic infection in humans. [10] It is the only blood fluke that infects the urinary tract, causing urinary schistosomiasis, and is the leading cause of bladder cancer (only next to tobacco smoking).
Schistosomiasis is a significant public health problem in many countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is endemic. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) over 240 million people worldwide are infected with schistosomiasis and it is responsible for over 20–200,000 deaths annually. [24]