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Chlamydomonas (/ ˌ k l æ m ɪ ˈ d ɒ m ə n ə s,-d ə ˈ m oʊ-/ KLAM-ih-DOM-ə-nəs, -də-MOH-) is a genus of green algae consisting of about 150 species [2] of unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as "snow algae". [3]
Protococcus C.Agardh, 1824 accepted as Chlamydomonas (synonym) Sphaerellopsis Korshikov, 1925 accepted as Vitreochlamys (synonym) [4] The family is known to be non-monophyletic, with clades not aligning to traditionally defined morphological groupings. [5]
However, recent work has shown that RuBisCO in the pyrenoid matrix of the green alga Chlamydomonas is not in a crystalline lattice and instead the matrix behaves as a phase-separated, liquid-like organelle. [23] In Porphyridium and in Chlamydomonas, there is a single highly conspicuous pyrenoid in a single chloroplast, visible using light ...
Chlamydomonas moewusii is a heterothallic species, exhibiting distinct behavioral differences between the gametes of its two mating types. When suspensions containing 'plus' and 'minus' gametes are mixed under light, they form clumps that eventually separate into pairs after a few minutes. These pairs then swim freely for 4–8 hours.
Schematic representation of a Euglena cell with red eyespot (9) Schematic representation of a Chlamydomonas cell with chloroplast eyespot (4). The eyespot apparatus (or stigma) is a photoreceptive organelle found in the flagellate or (motile) cells of green algae and other unicellular photosynthetic organisms such as euglenids.
Chlamydomonas elegans is a species of freshwater green algae. It is commonly found in rainwater pools and other small, temporary bodies of water. [2] Chlamydomonas elegans is a unicellular organism with ellipsoidal-ovoid cells, which are usually flattened on one side, and rounded at the ends. Cell bodies are 23–30 μm long and 13–15 μm wide.
Chlamydomonas species are widely distributed worldwide in soil and fresh water, of which Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is one of the most common and widespread. [1] C. reinhardtii is an especially well studied biological model organism, partly due to its ease of culturing and the ability to manipulate its genetics.
The smallest known contractile vacuoles belong to Chlamydomonas, with a diameter of 1.5 μm. In Paramecium, which has one of the most complex contractile vacuoles, the vacuole is surrounded by several canals, which absorb water by osmosis from the cytoplasm. After the canals fill with water, the water is pumped into the vacuole.