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Until 1982, STP was defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 atm). Since 1982, STP is defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar). Conversions between each volume flow metric are calculated using the following formulas: Prior to 1982,
One litre of liquid water has a mass of almost exactly one kilogram, due to the gram being defined in 1795 as one cubic centimetre of water at the temperature of melting ice. [4] The original decimetre length was 44.344 lignes, which was revised in 1798 to 44.3296 lignes. This made the original litre 1.000 974 of today's cubic decimetre. It was ...
The CGS unit of pressure is the barye (Ba), equal to 1 dyn·cm −2, or 0.1 Pa. Pressure is sometimes expressed in grams-force or kilograms-force per square centimetre ("g/cm 2" or "kg/cm 2") and the like without properly identifying the force units. But using the names kilogram, gram, kilogram-force, or gram-force (or their symbols) as units ...
Air density, like air pressure, decreases with increasing altitude. It also changes with variations in atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity. At 101.325 kPa (abs) and 20 °C (68 °F), air has a density of approximately 1.204 kg/m 3 (0.0752 lb/cu ft), according to the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA).
The pascal (Pa) or kilopascal (kPa) as a unit of pressure measurement is widely used throughout the world and has largely replaced the pounds per square inch (psi) unit, except in some countries that still use the imperial measurement system or the US customary system, including the United States.
For the purpose of comparison of different fuels, the heating value may be expressed in terms of energy per volume, which is known as the energy density expressed in MJ/litre. The density of LNG is roughly 0.41 kg/litre to 0.5 kg/litre, depending on temperature, pressure, and composition, [3] compared to water at 1.0 kg/litre. Using the median ...
1 m 3 × 1.202 kg/m 3 × 9.8 N/kg= 11.8 N. The amount of mass that can be lifted by helium in air at sea level is: (1.292 - 0.178) kg/m 3 = 1.114 kg/m 3. and the buoyant force for one m 3 of helium in air at sea level is: 1 m 3 × 1.114 kg/m 3 × 9.8 N/kg= 10.9 N. Thus hydrogen's additional buoyancy compared to helium is:
p w is the partial pressure of gaseous water during condition 1 and 2, respectively For example, calculating how much 1 liter of air (a) at 0 °C, 100 kPa, p w = 0 kPa (known as STPD, see below) would fill when breathed into the lungs where it is mixed with water vapor (l), where it quickly becomes 37 °C (99 °F), 100 kPa, p w = 6.2 kPa (BTPS):