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Island pedicle flaps are used when repairing small- to medium-sized defects where minimal spare tissue is available, as on the face. The traditional design of the island pedicle flap is a triangle with a short base and 2 long legs of near equal length; variations exist.
The key differences between a graft and a flap is in regards to its blood supply; a skin graft receives its blood supply from the recipient site though the vascular bed, whilst a skin flap brings its blood supply from the flap donor site.
pedicled flap, commonly used by the plastic surgeon in the recon-struction of skin and soft tissue defects, differs from the so-called free skin graft in two ways: first, it consists of all of the layers of the skin, with a significant amount of attached fat and subcutaneous tissue; and second, it carries its own blood supply from one or more ...
Advancement flaps include single pedicle, bipedicle, and V-Y flaps. Tissue transferred from an noncontiguous anatomic site (ie, from a different part of the body) is referred to as a distant...
When the donor site is too far away from the recipient site (the wound), a vascular pedicle can be left intact that is also transposed over or under an area of normal skin forming a bridge or tunnel. This is called an interpolation flap. The pedicle is divided at a later stage when new blood supply at the donor site has been formed.
The skin flap is designed as a curved ellipse to facilitate wound closure. Here the skin paddle is outlined fairly proximally (1) limiting the arc of rotation of the flap, making it suitable for neck defects.
The wound created by harvesting the flap is known as the secondary defect. Flaps, unlike grafts, remain attached to a vascular supply known as a pedicle. Local flaps, which use tissue adjacent to the primary defect for closure, are classified by their blood supply pattern.
Pedicled flaps refer to those that are transferred to the breast while the endogenous blood supply is kept intact. Examples of pedicled flaps include the pedicled transverse rectus abdominus myocutaneous flap (TRAM) and the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap.
Island pedicle flap. The subcutaneous island pedicle flap provides a method for repairing cutaneous defects that is indispensable in select defects. The term “island pedicle” refers to two specific requirements for designation of this flap.
The pedicled anterolateral thigh flap is a versatile flap that offers many advantages. These include a long and reliable pedicle that enables a wide arch of rotation, the possibility to harvest a large skin area, raising the flap with underlying fascia and muscle and minimal donor site morbidity.