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A single-cut file has one set of parallel teeth while a cross-cut or double-cut file has a second set of cuts forming diamond shaped cutting surfaces. [1] In Swiss-pattern files the teeth are cut at a shallower angle, and are graded by number, with a number 1 file being coarser than a number 2, etc.
Textile fibers, threads, yarns and fabrics are measured in a multiplicity of units.. A fiber, a single filament of natural material, such as cotton, linen or wool, or artificial material such as nylon, polyester, metal or mineral fiber, or human-made cellulosic fibre like viscose, Modal, Lyocell or other rayon fiber is measured in terms of linear mass density, the weight of a given length of ...
A spool of 30/3 thread has a single's equivalent of 10, because a single strand or ply of that thread has a cotton count size of 10. A 20/2 spool has the same single's equivalent as a 30/3, but a 30/2 spool has a single's equivalent of 15, which means it is composed of individually heavier plies than a 30/3.
For a single ply yarn, the direction of the final twist is the same as its original twist. The twist direction of yarn can affect the final properties of the fabric, and combined use of the two twist directions can nullify skewing in knitted fabric. [20] The mechanical integrity of yarn is derived from frictional contacts between its composing ...
A less precise method is to allow the single to ply against itself: the resulting two ply yarn is about half the number of twists per inch of the single. [2] Thus one can roughly find the number of twists per inch for the single, or one can use the doubled back yarn as a measure.
Plied yarn is yarn that has been plied, with the process called plying. plush Plush is a fabric having a cut nap or pile the same as fustian or velvet. polyester Polyester is a synthetic fiber. poplin Poplin is a heavy, durable fabric that has a ribbed appearance. It is made with wool, cotton, silk, rayon, or any mixture of these.
Embroidery floss or stranded cotton is a loosely twisted, slightly glossy 6-strand thread, usually of cotton but also manufactured in silk, linen, and rayon.Cotton floss is the standard thread for cross-stitch, and is suitable for most embroidery excluding robust canvas embroidery.
Diagram showing S and Z twist. There are two common ways to ply a balanced yarn: regular and chain plying. Both methods involve the manipulation of "singles"—unplied strands on their own—into multiple-ply yarns by applying twist in the opposite direction than how the single was spun. For example, if in spinning the single the wheel was spinning clockwise (called a "Z" twist, as on any ...