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Particular medications can result in MRONJ, a serious but uncommon side effect in certain individuals. Such medications are frequently used to treat diseases that cause bone resorption such as osteoporosis, or to treat cancer. The main groups of drugs involved are anti-resorptive drugs, and anti-angiogenic drugs.
Long-term treatment with bisphosphonates produces anti-fracture and bone mineral density effects that persist for 3–5 years after an initial 3–5 years of treatment. [2] The bisphosphonate alendronate reduces the risk of hip, vertebral, and wrist fractures by 35-39%; zoledronate reduces the risk of hip fractures by 38% and of vertebral ...
Romosozumab, sold under the brand name Evenity (/ ɪ ˈ v ɛ n ɪ t i / ih-VENN-ih-tee or with the pin-pen merger, / ɪ ˈ v ɪ n ɪ t i / ih-VINN-ih-tee), is a medication used to treat osteoporosis. [7] [8] It has been found to decrease the risk of fractures of the spine. [7] Common side effects include headache, joint pain, and injection site ...
Common side effects include fever, joint pain, high blood pressure, diarrhea, and feeling tired. [3] Serious side effects may include kidney problems, low blood calcium, and osteonecrosis of the jaw. [3] Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the baby. [3] It is in the bisphosphonate family of medications. [3]
Denosumab, sold under the brand names Prolia among others, is a human monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of osteoporosis, treatment-induced bone loss, metastases to bone, and giant cell tumor of bone. [11] [12] The most common side effects are joint and muscle pain in the arms or legs. [13]
Clodronic acid or clodronate disodium (Na 2 CH 2 Cl 2 O 6 P 2) is a first generation (non-nitrogenous) bisphosphonate.It is an anti-osteoporotic drug approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and men to reduce vertebral fractures, hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia in malignancy, multiple myeloma and fracture related pain because of its anti ...
Ibandronic acid is a bisphosphonate medication used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and metastasis-associated skeletal fractures in people with cancer. [4] It may also be used to treat hypercalcemia (elevated blood calcium levels). It is typically formulated as its sodium salt ibandronate sodium. [medical citation needed]
Abaloparatide, sold under the brand name Tymlos among others, is a parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) analog medication used to treat osteoporosis. [2] It is an anabolic (i.e., bone growing) agent. [4] The most common side effects include hypercalciuria (high calcium levels in the urine) and dizziness. [3]