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Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants, generally to help them resist fungi, bacteria and plant virus infections, and also consumption by insects and other animals. The name comes from Greek φυτόν (phyton) 'plant'.
Phytochemistry is the study of phytochemicals, which are chemicals derived from plants.Phytochemists strive to describe the structures of the large number of secondary metabolites found in plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds.
The Australian Phytochemical Survey later also fostered collaborations with Smith, Kline & French, a pharmaceutical company from Philadelphia as well as National Institutes of Health Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland which was established in relation to the screening and study of potential anti-tumour agents arising through the survey. [2]
Phytochemical screening of the plant has identified the presence of several chemical constituents, including cardiac glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, sterols, and phenols. [6] The plant contains compounds such as limonene, sabinene, α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, as well as α-and β-eudesmol. [7]
Reaction between alkaloid extract from Capparis spinosa L and Dragendorff’s reagent. Dragendorff's reagent is a color reagent to detect alkaloids in a test sample or as a stain for chromatography plates. Alkaloids, if present in the solution of sample, will react with Dragendorff's reagent and produce an orange or orange-red precipitate. [1]
In-vitro antioxidant and in-vivo antimutagenic properties of Solanum xanthocarpum seed extracts have been examined by qualitative phytochemical screening, which reveals the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, glycoside, alkaloids, carbohydrates, and reducing sugar in the plant. Based on preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening ...
Medical use of alkaloid-containing plants has a long history, and, thus, when the first alkaloids were isolated in the 19th century, they immediately found application in clinical practice. [206] Many alkaloids are still used in medicine, usually in the form of salts widely used including the following: [ 14 ] [ 207 ]
Mayer's reagent is an alkaloidal precipitating reagent used for the detection of alkaloids in natural products. Mayer's reagent is freshly prepared by dissolving a mixture of mercuric chloride (1.36 g) and of potassium iodide (5.00 g) in water (100.0 ml).