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Xerostomia is the subjective sensation of dry mouth, which is often (but not always) associated with hypofunction of the salivary glands. [3] The term is derived from the Greek words ξηρÏŒς (xeros) meaning "dry" and στÏŒμα (stoma) meaning "mouth". [4] [5] A drug or substance that increases the rate of salivary flow is termed a sialogogue.
Cevimeline is used in the treatment of xerostomia (dry mouth) [1] [2] ... Pilocarpine — a similar parasympathomimetic medication for dry mouth ...
Dry mouth (xerostomia) is frequently caused by medication and to a lesser extent, by anxiety or Sjögren's syndrome. [6] It can be useful to have the extent of dryness recorded. That is, if a person has a complaint of a dry mouth, the clinician can apply the Challacombe scale to determine its severity and whether treatment is required.
Hypersalivation can contribute to drooling if there is an inability to keep the mouth closed or difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) the excess saliva, which can lead to excessive spitting. Hypersalivation also often precedes emesis (vomiting), where it accompanies nausea (a feeling of needing to vomit).
It is used as a medication to reduce pressure inside the eye and treat dry mouth. [1] [5] As an eye drop it is used to manage angle closure glaucoma until surgery can be performed, ocular hypertension, primary open angle glaucoma, and to constrict the pupil after dilation.
Xerostomia (dry mouth) is thought to account for about 5% of cases of AC. [5] Xerostomia itself has many possible causes, but commonly the cause may be side effects of medications, or conditions such as Sjögren's syndrome.
Patients who stayed on the medication had an average of 11% greater reduction in depressive symptoms than placebo in an FDA approval trial. [2] [3] It is taken as a tablet by mouth. [1] Side effects of dextromethorphan/bupropion include dizziness, headache, diarrhea, somnolence, dry mouth, sexual dysfunction, and hyperhidrosis, among others. [1]
Investigation of a dry mouth symptom may involve sialometry, which objectively determines if there is any reduction of the salivary flow rate (hyposalivation). Oral candidiasis can be tested for with use of a swabs, smears, an oral rinse or saliva samples. [ 11 ]
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