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To prevent steroid-induced osteoporosis, the steroid dose and duration should be as low and as short as possible. All patients on long term glucocorticoids (≥3 months) should be encouraged to do weightbearing exercise, avoid smoking and excess alcohol and take fall prevention measures. Daily calcium and vitamin d intake should be sufficient.
Corticosteroid-induced lipodystrophy (CIL) is a condition of abnormal fat deposition caused by corticosteroid medications. [1] Fat accumulates in the facial area (" moon face "), dorsocervical region ("buffalo hump"), and abdominal area ("pot belly" or "beer belly"), whereas the thickness of subcutaneous fat in the limbs is decreased. [ 1 ]
Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol within the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone and corticosterone share the first part of their biosynthetic pathway. The last part is either mediated by the aldosterone synthase (for aldosterone) or by the 11β-hydroxylase (for corticosterone ).
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones.Two main classes of corticosteroids, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism ...
Alendronic acid, sold under the brand name Fosamax among others, is a bisphosphonate medication used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's disease of bone. [4] It is taken by mouth. [ 4 ] Use is often recommended together with vitamin D , calcium supplementation , and lifestyle changes.
Long-term treatment with bisphosphonates produces anti-fracture and bone mineral density effects that persist for 3–5 years after an initial 3–5 years of treatment. [2] The bisphosphonate alendronate reduces the risk of hip, vertebral, and wrist fractures by 35-39%; zoledronate reduces the risk of hip fractures by 38% and of vertebral ...
Raloxifene is used for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. [11] It is used at a dosage of 60 mg/day for both the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. [12] In the case of either osteoporosis prevention or treatment, supplemental calcium and vitamin D should be added to the diet if daily intake is inadequate ...
It is an effective anabolic (promoting bone formation) agent [15] used in the treatment of some forms of osteoporosis. [13] [16] Teriparatide is a recombinant human parathyroid hormone analog (PTH 1-34). [13] It has an identical sequence to the 34 N-terminal amino acids of the 84-amino acid human parathyroid hormone. [13]