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Use during pregnancy is relatively safe for the fetus. [3] NPH insulin is made by mixing regular insulin and protamine in exact proportions with zinc and phenol such that a neutral-pH is maintained and crystals form. [1] There are human and pig insulin based versions. [1] Protamine insulin was first created in 1936 and NPH insulin in 1946. [1]
Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin has been the cornerstone of insulin therapy during pregnancy, administered two to four times per day. Women with GDM and pregnant women with type I diabetes mellitus who frequently check their blood glucose levels and utilize glucose monitoring equipment for doing so, use continuous insulin infusion of a ...
Insulin aspart, sold under the brand name NovoLog, among others, is a modified type of medical insulin used to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes. [17] It is generally used by injection under the skin but may also be used by injection into a vein. [17] Maximum effect occurs after about 1–3 hours and lasts for 3–5 hours. [17]
Effects generally begin an hour after use. [7] Common side effects include low blood sugar, problems at the site of injection, itchiness, and weight gain. [7] Other serious side effects include low blood potassium. [7] NPH insulin rather than insulin glargine is generally preferred in pregnancy. [8]
Regular insulin, also known as neutral insulin and soluble insulin, is a type of short-acting medical insulin. [2] It is used to treat type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and complications of diabetes such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states. [5]
Insulin lispro, sold under the brand name Humalog among others, is a modified type of medical insulin used to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes. [5] It is delivered subcutaneously either by injection or from an insulin pump. [5] [6] Onset of effects typically occurs within 30 minutes and lasts about 5 hours. [5]
Pregnant women over 35 are sometimes categorized by doctors with a term that doesn’t characterize their true age: “geriatric pregnancy.” It’s a term that Naomi Cahn—a professor of family ...
Protamine sulfate is a medication that is used to reverse the effects of heparin. [3] It is specifically used in heparin overdose, in low molecular weight heparin overdose, and to reverse the effects of heparin during delivery and heart surgery. [3] [4] It is given by injection into a vein. [3] The onset of effects is typically within five ...
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