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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), or acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, is a rare autoimmune disease marked by a sudden, widespread attack of inflammation in the brain and spinal cord. As well as causing the brain and spinal cord to become inflamed, ADEM also attacks the nerves of the central nervous system and damages their ...
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or ADEM, a closely related disorder in which a known virus or vaccine triggers autoimmunity against myelin. Around 40% of the ADEM cases are due to an "anti-MOG associated encephalomyelitis". [24] It includes Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, possibly a variant of Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Encephalomyelitis is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Various types of encephalomyelitis include: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by viral infection. [1] [2] Encephalomyelitis disseminata, a synonym for multiple sclerosis.
Marburg multiple sclerosis, an aggressive form, also known as malignant, fulminant or acute MS. Tumefactive Multiple sclerosis: lesions whose size is more than 2 cm, with mass effect, oedema and/or ring enhancement [9] [10] AntiMOG associated encephalomyelitis: Lesions similar to ADEM sometimes and to NMO some others. It is not normal, but can ...
It can be further categorized in three subtypes: antibody-negative probable autoimmune encephalitis, autoimmune limbic encephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. [4] One therapeutic approach to seronegative autoimmune encephalitis is using as a first-line treatment corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. [4]
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: autoimmune demyelination of the brain causing severe neurological signs and symptoms; Multiple sclerosis: demyelination of the brain and spinal cord; Neuromyelitis optica or Devic's disease: immune attack on optic nerve and spinal cord; Sjögren's syndrome: destruction of the exocrine system of the body
A number of diseases can produce symptoms similar to those of Lyme neuroborreliosis. They include: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; Viral meningitis; Multiple sclerosis; Bell's palsy [4] Diagnosis is determined by clinical examination of visible symptoms. [5]
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis; Multiple sclerosis (though the cause is unknown, it is sure that immune system is involved) Transverse myelitis; Neuromyelitis optica