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Figure 1. Plots of quadratic function y = ax 2 + bx + c, varying each coefficient separately while the other coefficients are fixed (at values a = 1, b = 0, c = 0). A quadratic equation whose coefficients are real numbers can have either zero, one, or two distinct real-valued solutions, also called roots.
The earliest methods for solving quadratic equations were geometric. Babylonian cuneiform tablets contain problems reducible to solving quadratic equations. [23] The Egyptian Berlin Papyrus, dating back to the Middle Kingdom (2050 BC to 1650 BC), contains the solution to a two-term quadratic equation. [24]
The problem of constructing a regular pentagon is equivalent to the problem of constructing the roots of the equation z 5 − 1 = 0. One root of this equation is z 0 = 1 which corresponds to the point P 0 (1, 0). Removing the factor corresponding to this root, the other roots turn out to be roots of the equation z 4 + z 3 + z 2 + z + 1 = 0.
The solution = is in fact a valid solution to the original equation; but the other solution, =, has disappeared. The problem is that we divided both sides by x {\displaystyle x} , which involves the indeterminate operation of dividing by zero when x = 0. {\displaystyle x=0.}
When the monic quadratic equation with real coefficients is of the form x 2 = c, the general solution described above is useless because division by zero is not well defined. As long as c is positive, though, it is always possible to transform the equation by subtracting a perfect square from both sides and proceeding along the lines ...
Quadratic programming (QP) is the process of solving certain mathematical optimization problems involving quadratic functions. Specifically, one seeks to optimize (minimize or maximize) a multivariate quadratic function subject to linear constraints on the variables.
All quadratic equations have exactly two solutions in complex numbers (but they may be equal to each other), a category that includes real numbers, imaginary numbers, and sums of real and imaginary numbers. Complex numbers first arise in the teaching of quadratic equations and the quadratic formula. For example, the quadratic equation
If a quadratic function is equated with zero, then the result is a quadratic equation. The solutions of a quadratic equation are the zeros (or roots) of the corresponding quadratic function, of which there can be two, one, or zero. The solutions are described by the quadratic formula.
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