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  2. Lithic reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithic_reduction

    Flaked stone reduction involves the use of a hard hammer percussor, such as a hammerstone, a soft hammer fabricator (made of wood, bone or antler), or a wood or antler punch to detach lithic flakes from the lithic core. As flakes are detached in sequence, the original mass of stone is reduced; hence the term for this process.

  3. Levallois technique - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levallois_technique

    The technique was more sophisticated than earlier methods of lithic reduction, involving the striking of lithic flakes from a prepared lithic core. A striking platform is formed at one end and then the core's edges are trimmed by flaking off pieces around the outline of the intended lithic flake.

  4. Chopper (archaeology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chopper_(archaeology)

    To create this tool, one would have to use a hammerstone to chip away flakes on the stone to create a side of the stone with a very sharp edge, allowing for the cutting and hacking of an object. This is a unique type of lithic reduction, as only a single side of the stone is retouched to produce the cutting surface of the stone. The side that ...

  5. Lithic flake - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithic_flake

    Secondary and tertiary flakes display dorsal flake scars, which are simply the markings left behind by flakes detached prior to the detachment of the subject flake. These flake scars are one of the lines of evidence used to infer the method of lithic reduction, or the process by which raw material is turned into useful objects.

  6. Lithic technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithic_technology

    The flakes are shaped using the lithic reduction techniques, allowing for creation of various tools such as arrowheads and handaxes. Two stone characteristics will determine whether one is able to chip away large enough flakes to make tools out of: whether the stone is of a cryptocrystalline structure, and how conchoidally the stone fractures ...

  7. Blade (archaeology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blade_(archaeology)

    Because obsidian is not natural to Belize, the site of excavation, the obsidian cores were the product of transactions between the Mayans and those in present-day Honduras, Mexico and Guatemala. Obsidian blades are the sharpest natural cutting edges known, and after the lithic reduction already fractured blades, the triangular heads were produced.

  8. Stone tool - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_tool

    Knapped stone tools are made from cryptocrystalline materials such as chert, flint, radiolarite, chalcedony, obsidian, basalt, and quartzite via a splitting process known as lithic reduction. One simple form of reduction is to strike stone flakes from a nucleus (core) of material using a hammerstone or similar hard hammer fabricator.

  9. Hammerstone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammerstone

    In archaeology, a hammerstone is a hard cobble [1] used to strike off lithic flakes from a lump of tool stone during the process of lithic reduction. [2] The hammerstone is a rather universal stone tool which appeared early in most regions of the world including Europe, India [3] and North America.