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Tlaxcala (Classical Nahuatl: Tlaxcallān [t͡ɬaʃˈkalːaːn̥] ⓘ, 'place of maize tortillas') was a pre-Columbian city and state in central Mexico.. During the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, the Tlaxcaltecs allied with the Spanish Empire against their hated enemies, the Aztecs, supplying a large contingent for and sometimes most of the Spanish-led army that eventually destroyed the ...
Lienzo de Tlaxcala image depicting Tlaxcaltec soldiers leading a Spanish soldier to Chalco.. Due to their century-long rivalry with the Aztecs, the Tlaxcaltecs allied with Hernán Cortés and his fellow Spanish conquistadors and were instrumental in the invasion of Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire, helping the Spanish reach the Valley of Anahuac and providing a key contingent of the ...
Map of Pre-Columbian states of Mexico just before the Spanish conquest. The pre-Columbian (or prehispanic) history of the territory now making up the country of Mexico is known through the work of archaeologists and epigraphers, and through the accounts of Spanish conquistadores, settlers and clergymen as well as the indigenous chroniclers of the immediate post-conquest period.
[8] [36] By the time the Spanish arrived in the 16th century, Tlaxcala was an independent enclave nearly completely surrounded by the Aztec Empire. This left Tlaxcala economically isolated, leaving it without goods such as cotton and salt. This and the constant warfare with the Mexica would give the Tlaxcalans reasons to ally with the Spanish. [8]
The Tlaxcaltec of Tlaxcala initially resisted the Spanish but soon joined the conquest effort as a crucial ally against the Aztec Empire. After the fall of Tenōchtitlan in 1521, the Spanish increasingly demanded that altepetl rulers publicly destroy their figures of deities (referred to as idols by the Spanish) and whitewash temple walls.
[10] The Mexica are of Nahua ethnicity, as are their historical enemies and allies of the Spaniards: the Tlaxcallans (Tlaxcaltecs). The Toltecs which predated both groups are often thought to have been Nahua as well. However, in the pre-Columbian period Nahuas were subdivided into many groups that did not necessarily share a common identity.
The main focus of the map lies within the borders of modern Guatemala, specifically the area around Chimaltenango and Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala, the colonial capital. [2] The Lienzo concentrates upon the role of the Quauhquechollan allies in the conquest, their travels and the battles they took part in. [ 2 ] It was executed by ...
Tlaxcala (UK: / t l ə ˈ s k ɑː l ə, t l æ ˈ-/ tlə-SKAH-lə, tla-, US: / t l ɑː ˈ-/ tlah-, Spanish: [tla(ɣ)sˈkala] ⓘ), officially Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl, is the capital and the largest city of the Mexican state of Tlaxcala and seat of the municipality of the same name.