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The history of socialism has its origins in the Age of Enlightenment and the 1789 French Revolution, along with the changes that brought, although it has precedents in earlier movements and ideas. The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1847-48 just before the Revolutions of 1848 swept Europe, expressing what ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 29 January 2025. Political philosophy emphasising social ownership of production For other uses, see Socialism (disambiguation). Part of a series on Socialism History Outline Development French Revolution Revolutions of 1848 Socialist calculation debate Socialist economics Ideas Calculation in kind ...
Socialism has been described as a philosophy seeking distributive justice, and communism as a subset of socialism that prefers economic equality as its form of distributive justice. [77] In 19th century Europe, the use of the terms communism and socialism eventually accorded with the cultural attitude of adherents and opponents towards religion.
[251] In a 2011 Pew poll, young Americans between the ages of 18 and 29 favored socialism to capitalism by 49% to 43%, but Americans overall had a negative view of socialism, with 60% opposing. [252] According to a June 2015 Gallup poll, 47% of American citizens would vote for a socialist candidate for president while 50% would not. [ 253 ]
The history of communism encompasses a wide variety of ideologies and political movements sharing the core principles of common ownership of wealth, economic enterprise, and property. [1] [2] Most modern forms of communism are grounded at least nominally in Marxism, a theory and method conceived by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels during the 19th ...
The socialist mode of production, also known as socialism or communism, [a] is a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that emerge from capitalism in the schema of historical materialism within Marxist theory.
Marxism–Leninism involves the creation of a one-party state led by a communist party, as a means to develop socialism and then communism. [168] The communist party is the supreme political institution of the state. [ 169 ]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 8 December 2024. Type of society and economic system This article is about the hypothetical stage of socioeconomic development. For the economic systems of the former Soviet and Eastern Bloc Communist states, see Soviet-type economic planning. For communistic society, see Intentional community. Part of a ...