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Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more or less formal empire.
Theories of imperialism are a range of theoretical approaches to understanding the expansion of capitalism into new areas, the unequal development of different countries, and economic systems that may lead to the dominance of some countries over others. [1]
The knowledge that formed the initial subject of geography was achieved through European expansionism. [1] This includes information on the lands and seas of the earth, its flora and fauna as well as its peoples. [1] It is unsurprising then, that many geographers during the time of European territorial expansion, were in favour of imperialism. [4]
These scholars operated primarily in the disciplines of history, economics, geography, and literature." [ 73 ] In the area of music, Michael Kater writes that during the WWII German occupation of France, Hans Rosbaud , a German conductor based by the Nazi regime in Strasbourg , became "at least nominally, a servant of Nazi cultural imperialism ...
[139]: 107 Although imperialism and colonialism focus on the suppression of another, if colonialism refers to the process of a country taking physical control of another, imperialism refers to the political and monetary dominance, either formally or informally. Colonialism is seen to be the architect deciding how to start dominating areas and ...
This approach may overlap with studies of contemporary history, and may also draw examples from anthropology, historiography, political science, philosophy, sociology, and human geography. Sub-disciplines of postcolonial studies examine the effects of colonial rule on the practice of feminism , anarchism , literature , and Christian thought .
In the historical writing of the 19th century, the denotation of hegemony extended to describe the predominance of one country upon other countries; and, by extension, hegemonism denoted the Great Power politics (c. 1880s – 1914) for establishing hegemony (indirect imperial rule), that then leads to a definition of imperialism (direct foreign ...
The assumption of European exceptionalism is widely reflected in popular genres of literature, especially in literature for young adults (for example, Rudyard Kipling's 1901 novel Kim [20]) and in adventure-literature in general. Portrayal of European colonialism in such literature has been analysed in terms of Eurocentrism in retrospect, such ...