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  2. MRI artifact - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRI_artifact

    Further methods used are choosing the appropriate frequency encoding direction, since metal artifacts are most pronounced in this direction, using smaller voxel sizes, fast imaging sequences, increased readout bandwidth and avoiding gradient-echo imaging when metal is present. A technique called MARS (metal artifact reduction sequence) applies ...

  3. Lithic analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithic_analysis

    In archaeology, lithic analysis is the analysis of stone tools and other chipped stone artifacts using basic scientific techniques. At its most basic level, lithic analyses involve an analysis of the artifact's morphology, the measurement of various physical attributes, and examining other visible features (such as noting the presence or absence of cortex, for example).

  4. Lithic reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithic_reduction

    For example, a significant amount of cortex can be present on a flake taken off near the very end of the reduction sequence. [2] Removed flakes exhibit features characteristic of conchoidal fracturing, including striking platforms , bulbs of force, and occasionally eraillures (small secondary flakes detached from the flake's bulb of force ).

  5. Tomographic reconstruction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomographic_reconstruction

    A notable example of applications is the reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) where cross-sectional images of patients are obtained in non-invasive manner. Recent developments have seen the Radon transform and its inverse used for tasks related to realistic object insertion required for testing and evaluating computed tomography use in ...

  6. Template:Table of MRI sequences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Template:Table_of_MRI_sequences

    Standard foundation and comparison for other sequences T2 weighted: T2: Measuring spin–spin relaxation by using long TR and TE times Higher signal for more water content [1] Low signal for fat in standard Spine Echo (SE), [1] though not with Fast Spin Echo/Turbo Spin Echo (FSE/TSE). FSE/TSE is the standard of care in modern medicine because ...

  7. Conservation and restoration of copper-based objects

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and...

    The history of copper metallurgy is thought to have followed the following sequence: 1) cold working of native copper, 2) annealing, 3) smelting, and 4) the lost wax method. In southeastern Anatolia, all four of these metallurgical techniques appears more or less simultaneously at the beginning of the Neolithic c. 7500 BC. [4]

  8. Chaîne opératoire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaîne_opératoire

    A stone tool's simplified chaîne opératoire.Despite its name, the chaîne need not be linear.. Chaîne opératoire (French: [ʃɛn‿ɔpeʁatwaʁ]; lit. ' operational chain ' or ' operational sequence ') is a term used throughout anthropological discourse, most commonly in archaeology and sociocultural anthropology.

  9. Multiple patterning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_patterning

    For example, a 25 nm half-pitch pattern can be generated from interleaving two 50 nm half-pitch patterns, three 75 nm half-pitch patterns, or four 100 nm half-pitch patterns. The feature size reduction will most likely require the assistance of techniques such as chemical shrinks, thermal reflow, or shrink assist films.

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