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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 9 January 2025. This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I) Iodine, 53 I Iodine Pronunciation / ˈ aɪ ə d aɪ n, - d ɪ n, - d iː n / (EYE -ə-dyne, -din, -deen) Appearance lustrous metallic gray solid, black ...
lustrous metallic gray solid, black/violet liquid, violet gas: Standard atomic weight A r °(I) ... Spectral lines of iodine: Other properties; Natural occurrence ...
Iodine is semiconductor in the direction of its planes, with a band gap of about 1.3 eV and a conductivity of 1.7 × 10 −8 S•cm −1 at room temperature. This is higher than selenium but lower than boron, the least electrically conducting of the recognised metalloids. Iodine is an insulator in the direction perpendicular to its planes.
Iodine-135 is an isotope of iodine with a half-life of 6.6 hours. It is an important isotope from the viewpoint of nuclear reactor physics . It is produced in relatively large amounts as a fission product , and decays to xenon-135 , which is a nuclear poison with the largest known thermal neutron cross section , which is a cause of multiple ...
Iodine. The mildest of the halogens, iodine is the active ingredient in tincture of iodine, a disinfectant. This can be found in household medicine cabinets or emergency survival kits. Tincture of iodine will rapidly dissolve gold, [167] a task ordinarily requiring the use of aqua regia (a highly corrosive mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids).
A compound with iodine(V) would be a λ 5 ‑iodane, and a hypothetical iodine(VII)‑containing compound would be a λ 7 ‑iodane. Organyl-iodine ethers, a kind of λ 3 ‑iodane, are sometimes called organic hypoiodites. Alternatively, the hypervalent iodines can be classified using neutral electron counting.
Sodium iodide (chemical formula NaI) is an ionic compound formed from the chemical reaction of sodium metal and iodine. Under standard conditions, it is a white, water-soluble solid comprising a 1:1 mix of sodium cations (Na +) and iodide anions (I −) in a crystal lattice. It is used mainly as a nutritional supplement and in organic chemistry.
Iodine monochloride and iodine monobromide may be prepared simply by reacting iodine with chlorine or bromine at room temperature and purified by fractional crystallisation. Both are quite reactive and attack even platinum and gold, though not boron, carbon, cadmium, lead, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten. Their reaction with ...