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Unlike the Wolff–Chaikoff effect, the Plummer effect does not prevent the thyroid from taking up radioactive iodine, e.g. in the case of nuclear emergencies.Therefore, "plummering" with high-dose iodine is only effective in a short time window after the release of radionuclides. [9]
Thyroid storm is a rare but severe and life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism. ... (potassium iodide or Lugol's iodine [6] [21]) ...
Lugol's solution is commonly available in different potencies of (nominal) 1%, 2%, 5% or 10%. Iodine concentrations greater than 2.2% are subject to US regulations. [ 11 ] [ 33 ] [ 34 ] If the US regulations are taken literally, their 2.2% maximum iodine concentration limits a Lugol's solution to maximum (nominal) 0.87%.
The Wolff–Chaikoff effect has been used as a treatment principle against hyperthyroidism (especially thyroid storm) by infusion of a large amount of iodine to suppress the thyroid gland. Iodide was used to treat hyperthyroidism before antithyroid drugs such as propylthiouracil and methimazole were developed.
Lugol's iodine is used to temporarily block thyroid hormone synthesis before surgeries. [3] It is also used to treat patients with thyroid storm or, more commonly, to reduce thyroid vascularity before thyroidectomy (surgical removal of the thyroid gland). [4]
But free iodine, even in Lugol's, is not safe in certain concentrations and quantities. Yes, the dose makes the poison, but a 2-3 grams of free iodine (100-150 mL of 2% Lugol's) would presumably have severe toxicity, even lethality. 10 mL at 5% (representing about 500 mg free iodine) can burn mucosa in the stomach. . Lower doses and ...
Excess iodine present in individuals with Graves’ Disease can induce thyrotoxicosis, which is the overexpression of thyroid hormone. Sudden overexpression of the thyroid hormone is referred to as thyroid storm. Thyroid storm results in substantial decreases in the amount of thyrotropic cells in the pituitary gland. [13]
A saturated solution of potassium iodide is used to treat acute thyrotoxicosis. It is also used to block uptake of iodine-131 in the thyroid gland (see isotopes section above), when this isotope is used as part of radiopharmaceuticals (such as iobenguane) that are not targeted to the thyroid or thyroid-type tissues. [17] [18]
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