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The first Fort Berthold was founded in 1845 on the upper Missouri River by the American Fur Company (controlled until 1830 by John Jacob Astor). It was originally called Fort James, but was renamed in 1846 for the late Berthold. As a consequence of the hostilities with the United States of the Dakota War of 1862, the Sioux burned this fort.
Created in 1870 by the U.S. government, the reservation was named after Fort Berthold, a United States Army fort located on the northern bank of the Missouri River some twenty miles downstream (southeast) from the mouth of the Little Missouri River. [8] The green area (529) on the map turned U.S. territory on April 12, 1870, by executive order.
The college was founded May 2, 1973, as the agency responsible for higher education on the Fort Berthold Reservation.The Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation in New Town, North Dakota endorsed the concept that a locally based higher education institution was needed to train Tribal members and to help retain the tribal cultures.
After the signing of the Fort Laramie Treaty (1851) and subsequent taking of land, the Nation's land base is currently approximately 1 million acres located in Fort Berthold Reservation in northwestern North Dakota. The Tribe reported a total enrollment of 17,492 enrolled members of the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation as of December 2024. [1]
Elbowoods was located in McLean County, North Dakota, and was the agency seat for the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation for the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation. It was located on the floodplains near the Missouri River, at an elevation of 1,740 feet (530 m). [1] North Dakota Route 8 ran through the town. [2]
It is located "on" the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in McLean County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 336 at the 2010 census. [6] It is considered the primary community of the Arikara (Sahnish) people and is named for Chief White Shield. White Shield in 1908
Traders store Ft. Berthold. (Native and Euro-Americans at the trading post at Fort Berthold Agency.), by Haynes, F. Jay (Frank Jay), 1853–1921. Henry A. Boller reported that the most common purchases were coffee, sugar, tea, candy and dried fruit. A central plaza in the village was an innovation for the Hidatsa, but a tradition among the Mandan.
The Independence Congregational Church on Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, near Mandaree in Dunn County, North Dakota, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. [ 1 ] The church's bell was donated by the Broadway Tabernacle in New York City.