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Control charts are graphical plots used in production control to determine whether quality and manufacturing processes are being controlled under stable conditions. (ISO 7870-1) [1] The hourly status is arranged on the graph, and the occurrence of abnormalities is judged based on the presence of data that differs from the conventional trend or deviates from the control limit line.
The value 3.267 is taken from the sample size-specific D 4 anti-biasing constant for n=2, as given in most textbooks on statistical process control (see, for example, Montgomery [2]: 725 ). Calculation of individuals control limits
As with the ¯ and s and individuals control charts, the ¯ chart is only valid if the within-sample variability is constant. [4] Thus, the R chart is examined before the x ¯ {\displaystyle {\bar {x}}} chart; if the R chart indicates the sample variability is in statistical control, then the x ¯ {\displaystyle {\bar {x}}} chart is examined to ...
The above eight rules apply to a chart of a variable value. A second chart, the moving range chart, can also be used but only with rules 1, 2, 3 and 4. Such a chart plots a graph of the maximum value - minimum value of N adjacent points against the time sample of the range.
The EWMA chart is sensitive to small shifts in the process mean, but does not match the ability of Shewhart-style charts (namely the ¯ and R and ¯ and s charts) to detect larger shifts. [ 2 ] : 412 One author recommends superimposing the EWMA chart on top of a suitable Shewhart-style chart with widened control limits in order to detect both ...
Regression control chart differs from a traditional control chart in four main aspects: It is designed to control a varying (rather than a constant) average. The control limit lines are parallel to the regression line rather than the horizontal line. The computations here are much more complex. It is appropriate for use in more complex ...
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The X-bar chart is always used in conjunction with a variation chart such as the ¯ and R chart or ¯ and s chart. The R-chart shows sample ranges (difference between the largest and the smallest values in the sample), while the s-chart shows the samples' standard deviation. The R-chart was preferred in times when calculations were performed ...