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Transient synovitis usually affects children between three and ten years old (but it has been reported in a 3-month-old infant and in some adults [3]). It is the most common cause of sudden hip pain and limp in young children. [4] [5] Boys are affected two to four times as often as girls. [5] [6] [7] The exact cause is unknown.
Although sonography is extremely sensitive in detecting increased synovial fluid, it is nonspecific and cannot be used with accuracy to determine the type of fluid. Transient synovitis of the hip, despite being the most frequent cause of pain in children between 3 and 10 years, remains a diagnosis of exclusion.
Other conditions under possible consideration are dermatomyositis, muscular dystrophy, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, transient synovitis of the hip, osteomyelitis, and myalgia. [1] Few muscle biopsies have been conducted. Results may show normal findings or features of inflammation and necrosis. [1]
Risk Factors. Risk factors for hip pain make you more likely to experience it. Some (but not all) overlap with the causes of hip pain, such as different types of arthritis and injuries.
Transient synovitis is a reactive arthritis of the hip of unknown cause. [2] People are usually able to walk and may have a low grade fever. [2] They usually look clinically nontoxic or otherwise healthy. [7] It may only be diagnosed once all other potential serious causes are excluded. With symptomatic care it usually resolves over one week. [2]
[3] [4] Septic arthritis is an orthopedic emergency, which, if treatment is delayed, can lead to irreversible joint damage. Septic arthritis occurs more often in childhood than at any other time. [4] [5] Kocher criteria are a useful guide to the diagnosis of septic arthritis in children, especially in the hip, one of the most frequently ...
The primary treatment is rest. This does not mean bed rest or immobilizing the area but avoiding actions which result in aggravation of the pain. Icing the joint may help. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug may relieve pain and reduce the inflammation. If these are ineffective, the definitive treatment is steroid injection into the inflamed ...
In children, septic arthritis can have serious consequences if not treated appropriately and timely. Initial treatment typically includes antibiotics such as vancomycin, ceftriaxone or ceftazidime. [2] Surgery in the form of joint drainage is the gold standard management in large joints like the hip and shoulder.