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Deaf sign languages, which are the preferred languages of Deaf communities around the world; these include village sign languages, shared with the hearing community, and Deaf-community sign languages Auxiliary sign languages , which are not native languages but sign systems of varying complexity, used alongside spoken languages.
Several manual alphabets in use around the world employ two hands to represent some or all of the letters of an alphabet, usually as a part of a deaf sign language. Two-handed alphabets are less widespread than one-handed manual alphabets. They may be used to represent the Latin alphabet (for example in the manual alphabet used in Turkish Sign ...
Writing systems are used to record human language, and may be classified according to certain common features.. The usual name of the script is given first; the name of the languages in which the script is written follows (in brackets), particularly in the case where the language name differs from the script name.
The following are sign languages reported to be used by at least 10,000 people. Additional languages, such as Chinese Sign Language , are likely to have more signers, but no data is available. Estimates for sign language use are very crude, and definitions of what counts as proficiency are varied.
Debate around European monastic sign languages developed in the Middle Ages has come to regard them as gestural systems rather than true sign languages. [10] Monastic sign languages were the basis for the first known manual alphabet used in deaf schools, developed by Pedro Ponce de León. [11] Ghanaian Sign Language alphabet
He defined his own manual alphabet and synthesized signs with French grammar. With consistent use among the community these two sources evolved into the French Sign Language. [10] American Sign Language is heavily based on French Sign Language due to the presence of teachers from France in the first American schools for the deaf.
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Fingerspelling has been introduced into certain sign languages by educators and as such has some structural properties that are unlike the visually motivated and multi-layered signs that are typical in deaf sign languages. In many ways fingerspelling serves as a bridge between the sign language and the oral language that surrounds it.
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