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Equilibrant force. In mechanics, an equilibrant force is a force which brings a body into mechanical equilibrium. [1] According to Newton's second law, a body has zero acceleration when the vector sum of all the forces acting upon it is zero:
In other words, it has the same length vectors in three-dimensional space, known as vector equilibrium. [8] The rigid struts and the flexible vertices of a cuboctahedron may also be transformed progressively into a regular icosahedron, regular octahedron, regular tetrahedron. Fuller named this the jitterbug transformation. [9]
The value of these components will depend on the coordinate system chosen to represent the vector, but the magnitude of the vector is a physical quantity (a scalar) and is independent of the Cartesian coordinate system chosen to represent the vector (so long as it is normal). Similarly, every second rank tensor (such as the stress and the ...
Then, we calculated the stress vector by definition = = [,,], thus the X component of this vector is = (we use similar reasoning for stresses acting on the bottom and back walls, i.e.: ,). The second element requiring explanation is the approximation of the values of stress acting on the walls opposite the walls covering the axes.
Wulff construction. The surface free energy is shown in red, with in black normals to lines from the origin to .The inner envelope is the Wulff shape, shown in blue. The Wulff construction is a method to determine the equilibrium shape of a droplet or crystal of fixed volume inside a separate phase (usually its saturated solution or vapor).
For a perfect fluid in thermodynamic equilibrium, the stress–energy tensor takes on a particularly simple form = (+) + where is the mass–energy density (kilograms per cubic meter), is the hydrostatic pressure , is the fluid's four-velocity, and is the matrix inverse of the metric tensor.
This analogy with mechanical equilibrium motivates the terminology of stability and instability. In mathematics, and especially algebraic geometry, stability is a notion which characterises when a geometric object, for example a point, an algebraic variety, a vector bundle, or a sheaf, has some desirable properties for the purpose of ...
In mathematics, specifically in differential equations, an equilibrium point is a constant solution to a differential equation. Formal definition The ...