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Especially in infants, changes in formula or transitioning from breast milk to formula can cause constipation. 95% of cases of constipation in children are thought to be functional constipation (without a structural or biochemical cause). [2] Treatment of these functional causes can be focused on simply relieving the symptoms. [6]
Babies often have three to four bowel movements per day while young children typically have two to three per day. [8] Constipation has many causes. [4] Common causes include slow movement of stool within the colon, irritable bowel syndrome, and pelvic floor disorders. [4]
Functional constipation: This typically happens when kids hold back bowel movements or after they have a gastrointestinal infection. Many children with constipation have functional constipation ...
Most children develop signs and symptoms shortly after birth. However, others may be diagnosed later in infancy or early childhood. [4] [5] About half of all children with Hirschsprung's disease are diagnosed in the first year of life. [4] Complications may include enterocolitis, megacolon, bowel obstruction and intestinal perforation. [1] [2]
Encopresis is commonly caused by constipation in children, [4] by reflexive withholding of stool, by various physiological, psychological, or neurological disorders, or from surgery (a somewhat rare occurrence).
Functional constipation is a condition that requires nonpharmacological management, including education and lifestyle modifications. It begins with dietary guidelines, focusing on regular fiber and fluid intake. Children with functional constipation should consume a normal intake of fiber, as per ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN criteria.
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Addressing the problem may require a multipronged approach since constipation, in general, is a multi-symptom problem, said Dr. William Chey, a professor of gastroenterology and nutritional ...