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The words are usually written separately, but some may be hyphenated or be written as one word. Often the meaning of the compound can be guessed by knowing the meaning of the individual words. It is not always simple to detach collocations and compounds. car park; post office; narrow minded; shoelaces; teapot
Self-handicapping is a cognitive strategy by which people avoid effort in the hopes of keeping potential failure from hurting self-esteem. [1] It was first theorized by Edward E. Jones and Steven Berglas, [ 2 ] according to whom self-handicaps are obstacles created, or claimed, by the individual in anticipation of failing performance.
The effects of leadership and decision-making; Women's responsibilities at home make it difficult to take part and engage in decision-making. [60] As this indicates that women's needs, priorities and skills are being ignored when managing resources and making decision. This affects empowerment in community and the power to create changes. [59] [60]
Teamwork is the collaborative effort of a group to achieve a common goal or to complete a task in an effective and efficient way. [1] [2] Teamwork is seen within the framework of a team, which is a group of interdependent individuals who work together towards a common goal. [3] [1]
Synergy in management and in relation to teamwork refers to the combined effort of individuals as participants of the team. [44] The condition that exists when the organization's parts interact to produce a joint effect that is greater than the sum of the parts acting alone.
In social psychology, social loafing is the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when working alone. [1] [2] It is seen as one of the main reasons groups are sometimes less productive than the combined performance of their members working as individuals.
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For example, a child who acts out for attention could receive attention for alternative behavior (contingency management) or the teacher could make an effort to increase the amount of attention throughout the day (satiation). Changes in setting events or antecedents are often preferred by PBS because contingency management often takes more effort.