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Baker's cysts arise between the tendons of the medial head of the gastrocnemius and the semimembranosus muscles. They are posterior to the medial femoral condyle . The synovial sac of the knee joint can, under certain circumstances, produce a posterior bulge, into the popliteal space , the space behind the knee.
Sometimes, the SSV joins the common gastrocnemius vein before draining in the popliteal vein. [2] Sometimes, it does not make contact with the popliteal vein, but goes up to drain in the GSV at a variable level. [1] Instead of draining in the popliteal vein, it can merge with the Giacomini vein and drain in the GSV at the superior 1/3 of the thigh.
The traumatic bone cyst, also referred to as a simple bone cyst or hemorrhagic cyst, is a pseudocyst that most commonly affects the mandible of young individuals. It is a benign empty or fluid-containing cavity within the mandible body that does not have evidence of a true epithelial lining.
Pseudothrombophlebitis is not the only possible consequence of a popliteal cyst. The existence of a large popliteal cyst can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis. Furthermore, a ruptured popliteal cyst may cause compartment syndrome in the calf or even the thigh. [citation needed]
A unicameral bone cyst, also known as a simple bone cyst, is a cavity filled with a yellow-colored fluid. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] It is considered to be benign since it does not spread beyond the bone. [ 4 ] Unicameral bone cysts can be classified into two categories: active and latent. [ 4 ]
The gastrocnemius muscle is prone to spasms, which are painful, involuntary contractions of the muscle that may last several minutes. [5] A severe ankle dorsiflexion force may result in a Medial Gastrocnemius Strain (MGS) injury of the muscle, commonly referred to as a "torn" or "strained" calf muscle, which is acutely painful and disabling. [6]
Diagram showing named veins. Perforator veins exist along the length of the lower limb, in greater number in the leg (anatomical ref to below knee) than in the thigh. Some veins are named after the physician who first described them: Dodd's perforator at the inferior 1/3 of the thigh; Boyd's perforator at the knee level
The popliteal artery courses more medially around a normally positioned medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. [3] Type II The medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle attaches more laterally to the femur. [3] Type III Aberrant additional tendon of the gastrocnemius muscle encircles a normally positioned popliteal artery. [3] Type IV