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Orthostatic vital signs are also taken after surgery. [7] A patient is considered to have orthostatic hypotension when the systolic blood pressure falls by more than 20 mm Hg, the diastolic blood pressure falls by more than 10 mm Hg, or the pulse rises by more than 20 beats per minute within 3 minutes of standing [5] [7]
Orthostatic syncope refers to syncope resulting from a postural decrease in blood pressure, termed orthostatic hypotension. [1]Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a persistent reduction in blood pressure of at least 20mmHg systolic or 10mmHg diastolic within three minutes of standing or being upright to 60 degrees on the head-up tilt table.
Only continuous beat-to-beat BP measurement during an active standing-up maneuver can document this condition. [32] Classic orthostatic hypotension is frequently characterized by a systolic blood pressure decrease of ≥20 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure decrease of ≥10 mmHg between 30 seconds and 3 min of standing. [33]
Orthostatic diastolic hypertension is a condition in which the diastolic BP raises to 98 mmHg or over in response to standing, [2] [3] [4] but this definition currently lacks clear medical consensus, so is subject to change. Orthostatic hypertension involving the systolic BP is known as systolic orthostatic hypertension.
The majority of people with vasovagal syncope have a mixed response somewhere between these two ends of the spectrum. One account for these physiological responses is the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. Vasovagal syncope may be part of an evolved response, specifically, the fight-or-flight response. [16] [17]
Also, by definition of insufficiency (insufficient blood flow), blood may be seen to flow freely in both directions, antegrade and retrograde, between two valves. [29] Another problem, when dealing with the superficial venous system, is that venous anatomy is not constant; the position of veins can vary in different patients; also, in the same ...
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Suspension trauma, also known as orthostatic shock while suspended, harness hang syndrome (HHS), suspension syndrome, or orthostatic intolerance, is an effect which occurs when the human body is held upright without any movement for a period of time.