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Streptococcus dysgalactiae is a gram positive, beta-haemolytic, coccal bacterium belonging to the family Streptococcaceae.It is capable of infecting both humans and animals, but is most frequently encountered as a commensal of the alimentary tract, genital tract, or less commonly, as a part of the skin flora.
Streptococcus dysgalactiae primarily infects cattle but also affects small ruminants, pigs, dogs, horses, and vampire bats. Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus , prevalent in horses, is also present in guinea pigs, pigs, monkeys, and various other animals, including dogs, cats, ferrets, and birds. [ 15 ]
Streptococcus zooepidemicus is a Lancefield group C streptococcus that was first isolated in 1934 by P. R. Edwards, and named Animal pyogens A. [1] It is a mucosal commensal and opportunistic pathogen that infects several animals and humans, but most commonly isolated from the uterus of mares.
Chains of S. pyogenes bacteria (orange) at 900× magnification Gram stain of Streptococcus pyogenes. Unlike most bacterial pathogens, S. pyogenes only infects humans. Thus, zoonotic transmission from an animal (or animal products) to a human is rare. [8] S. pyogenes typically colonizes the throat, genital mucosa, rectum, and skin. Of healthy ...
Horses that develop purpura haemorrhagica usually have a recent history of strangles (infection with Streptococcus equi subsp. equi) or vaccination (intramuscular or intranasal) for strangles. It is thought to be caused by an auto-immune reaction where antibodies against the S. equi M- or R-protein cross-react with proteins on endothelial cells .
Group A streptococcal infections are a number of infections with Streptococcus pyogenes, a group A streptococcus (GAS). [1] S. pyogenes is a species of beta-hemolytic Gram-positive bacteria that is responsible for a wide range of infections that are mostly common and fairly mild. If the bacteria enters the bloodstream, the infection can become ...
Streptococcus bovis is a group of strains of Gram-positive bacteria, originally described as a species, [5] [6] that in humans is associated with urinary tract infections, endocarditis, sepsis, [7] and colorectal cancer. [8] S. bovis is commonly found in the alimentary tract of cattle, sheep, and other ruminants, [9] and may cause ruminal acidosis.
Streptococcus equinus is a Gram-positive, nonhemolytic, nonpathogenic, lactic acid bacterium of the genus Streptococcus. [5] It is the principal Streptococcus found in the alimentary canal of a horse, [6] and makes up the majority of the bacterial flora in horse feces. [7] Equivalence with Streptococcus bovis has been contested. [4]