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Tiger in Mudumalai National Park Endangered Nilgiri tahr, state animal of Tamil Nadu. There are more than 2000 species of fauna that can be found in Tamil Nadu. [1] This rich wildlife is attributed to the diverse relief features as well as favorable climate and vegetation in the Indian state. [2]
During the early Cenozoic era, around 55-50 million years ago, the Indian subcontinent collided with Laurasia, allowing animals from Asia to migrate into the Indian subcontinent. Some elements of India's modern fauna, such as the frog family Nasikabatrachidae and the caecillian family Chikilidae , are suggested to have been present in India ...
Many animals are domesticated in India, and seeing them in the streets of villages and even cities is common. Bovines include the zebu, which descended from the extinct Indian aurochs, the domestic water buffalo, the gayal, which is a domesticated gaur, and in the northern regions domestic yak, which descended from the also native wild yak.
The elephant was another well studied wild animal and the capture, training and maintenance of elephants was documented in the 2000-year-old text Gajashastra written in the Pāli script. [8] The Tamil literature of the Sangam period, depicts a classification of land into 5 eco-types; ranging from the littoral to wet paddy fields. [6]
The list also sometimes includes the local Tamil name in italics or the Tamil name in Tamil script following the English common name. This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of the IOC World Bird List, version 11.2.
Paddy fields in present-day Tamil Nadu. Among the five geographical divisions of the Tamil country in Sangam literature, the Marutam region was the most fit for cultivation, as it had the most fertile lands. [2] The prosperity of a farmer depended on getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the fertility of the soil.
In the 1970s, an area of around 5,670 km 2 (2,190 sq mi) in the Nilgiri Mountains was proposed to be included in the list of biosphere reserves of India.This proposed area encompassed a forestry zone of 2,290 km 2 (880 sq mi), a core zone of 2,020 km 2 (780 sq mi), an agricultural zone of 1,330 km 2 (510 sq mi) and a restoration zone of 30 km 2 (12 sq mi).
Mudumalai National Park is a national park in the Nilgiri Mountains in Tamil Nadu in southern India. It covers 321 km 2 (124 sq mi) at an elevation range of 850–1,250 m (2,790–4,100 ft) in the Nilgiri District and shares boundaries with the states of Karnataka and Kerala.