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  2. Spatial Mathematics: Theory and Practice through Mapping

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_Mathematics:...

    Chapter 6 concerns the types of data to be visualized, and the types of visualizations that can be made for them. Chapter 7 concerns spatial hierarchies and central place theory, while chapter 8 covers the analysis of spatial distributions in terms of their covariance. Finally, chapter 10 covers network and non-Euclidean data. [1] [3]

  3. Spatial analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_analysis

    Common errors often arise in spatial analysis, some due to the mathematics of space, some due to the particular ways data are presented spatially, some due to the tools which are available. Census data, because it protects individual privacy by aggregating data into local units, raises a number of statistical issues.

  4. Trend surface analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trend_surface_analysis

    Worldwide temperature trend analysis. Trend surface analysis is a mathematical technique used in environmental sciences (archeology, geology, soil science, etc.). Trend surface analysis (also called trend surface mapping) is a method based on low-order polynomials of spatial coordinates for estimating a regular grid of points from scattered observations.

  5. Kriging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriging

    In geostatistical models, sampled data are interpreted as the result of a random process. The fact that these models incorporate uncertainty in their conceptualization doesn't mean that the phenomenon – the forest, the aquifer, the mineral deposit – has resulted from a random process, but rather it allows one to build a methodological basis for the spatial inference of quantities in ...

  6. Simultaneous localization and mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_localization...

    A seminal work in SLAM is the research of Smith and Cheeseman on the representation and estimation of spatial uncertainty in 1986. [28] [29] Other pioneering work in this field was conducted by the research group of Hugh F. Durrant-Whyte in the early 1990s. [30] which showed that solutions to SLAM exist in the infinite data limit. This finding ...

  7. Inverse distance weighting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_distance_weighting

    This method can also be used to create spatial weights matrices in spatial autocorrelation analyses (e.g. Moran's I). [1] The name given to this type of method was motivated by the weighted average applied, since it resorts to the inverse of the distance to each known point ("amount of proximity") when assigning weights.

  8. Quaternions and spatial rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternions_and_spatial...

    3D visualization of a sphere and a rotation about an Euler axis (^) by an angle of In 3-dimensional space, according to Euler's rotation theorem, any rotation or sequence of rotations of a rigid body or coordinate system about a fixed point is equivalent to a single rotation by a given angle about a fixed axis (called the Euler axis) that runs through the fixed point. [6]

  9. Spatial weight matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_weight_matrix

    The concept of a spatial weight is used in spatial analysis to describe neighbor relations between regions on a map. [1] If location i {\displaystyle i} is a neighbor of location j {\displaystyle j} then w i j ≠ 0 {\displaystyle w_{ij}\neq 0} otherwise w i j = 0 {\displaystyle w_{ij}=0} .