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The idea of double deviance was first introduced by feminist sociologist and criminologist Frances Heidensohn in her paper The deviance of women: a critique and an enquiry, published by the British Journal of Sociology in 1968. [2]
Frances Mary Heidensohn (born 14 July 1942) is an academic sociologist and criminologist at the London School of Economics, who is acknowledged as a pioneer in feminist criminology. [1] Her 1968 article The Deviance of Women: A Critique and An Enquiry was the first critique of conventional criminology from a feminist perspective.
It is the view of the feminist school of criminology that a majority of criminological theories were developed through studies on male subjects and focused on male criminality, and that criminologists often would "add women and stir" rather than develop separate theories on female criminality. [2]
Deviance or the sociology of deviance [1] [2] explores the actions or behaviors that violate social norms across formally enacted rules (e.g., crime) [3] as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores). Although deviance may have a negative connotation, the violation of social norms is not always a negative ...
The group proceeded to organise 13 conferences between 1968 and 1973, [5] publishing three sets of conference papers in the process. The group also tried to provide a financial support and a forum for campaign groups around criminal justice, such as "the gay, women's, mental patients' and prisoners' movements" such as Preservation of the Rights of Prisoners (PROP), Radical Alternatives to ...
This theory is commonly used in the study of criminology (specifically the strain theory). In 1938, Merton's “Social Structure and Anomie,” one of the most important works of structural theory in American sociology, Merton's basic assumption was that the individual is not just in a structured system of action but that his or her actions may ...
This theory is used with respect to antisocial behavior instead of crime due to the differing definitions of 'crime' among cultures. Due to similar characteristics and trajectories, this theory can be applied to both females and males. [4]
The first cited source, which is used to verify the wording of the double deviance theory also presents evidence that suggests this theory does not apply to the British system, now, and also presents an alternative chivalry thesis. By contrast though, some other cited sources suggests it does apply to the American criminal justice system.