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  2. Joule effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_effect

    The Joule–Thomson effect, the temperature change of a gas when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment. The Gough–Joule effect or the Gow–Joule effect, which is the tendency of elastomers to contract if heated while they are under tension.

  3. Joule–Thomson effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule–Thomson_effect

    In thermodynamics, the Joule–Thomson effect (also known as the Joule–Kelvin effect or Kelvin–Joule effect) describes the temperature change of a real gas or liquid (as differentiated from an ideal gas) when it is expanding; typically caused by the pressure loss from flow through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment.

  4. Joule heating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_heating

    The most fundamental formula for Joule heating is the generalized power equation: = where P {\displaystyle P} is the power (energy per unit time) converted from electrical energy to thermal energy, I {\displaystyle I} is the current travelling through the resistor or other element,

  5. Gough–Joule effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gough–Joule_effect

    This surprising property of rubber was first observed by James Prescott Joule about a hundred years ago and is known as the Joule effect." [5] Rubber as an Engineering Material (book), by Khairi Nagdi: "The Joule effect is a phenomenon of practical importance that must be considered by machine designers. The simplest way of demonstrating this ...

  6. Thermoelectric effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_effect

    The Seebeck effect, Peltier effect, and Thomson effect can be gathered together in a consistent and rigorous way, described here; this also includes the effects of Joule heating and ordinary heat conduction. As stated above, the Seebeck effect generates an electromotive force, leading to the current equation [11]

  7. Inversion temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversion_temperature

    This temperature change is known as the Joule–Thomson effect, and is exploited in the liquefaction of gases. Inversion temperature depends on the nature of the gas. For a van der Waals gas we can calculate the enthalpy using statistical mechanics as

  8. Joule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule

    The joule (/ dʒ uː l / JOOL, or / dʒ aʊ l / JOWL; symbol: J) is the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI). [1] It is equal to the amount of work done when a force of one newton displaces a mass through a distance of one metre in the direction of that force.

  9. Electric potential energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_potential_energy

    where r is the distance between the point charges q and Q, and q and Q are the charges (not the absolute values of the charges—i.e., an electron would have a negative value of charge when placed in the formula). The following outline of proof states the derivation from the definition of electric potential energy and Coulomb's law to this formula.