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5160, a spring steel. Popular steel for forging swords and large knives, with high toughness and good wear resistance. [citation needed] Popular sword manufacturers that use 5160 spring steel include Hanwei and Generation 2. [citation needed] 5160 spring steel is mainly used on Medieval type swords. [citation needed] 4140 [definition needed]
Hardness comparison table. Brinell HB (10 mm Ball, 3000 kg load) Vickers HV (5 kg) Rockwell C HRC (120 degree cone 150 kg) Rockwell B HRB (1/16" ball 100 kg)
Spring steel is a name given to a wide range of steels [1] used in the manufacture of different products, including swords, saw blades, springs and many more. These steels are generally low-alloy manganese , medium-carbon steel or high-carbon steel with a very high yield strength .
Steel classification according to EN 10027-2.Free searchable database "European steel and alloy grades" Comparison of various steel standards Archived 2019-04-27 at the Wayback Machine; Comparison of various tool steel standards; General guide to the EN 10027 steel name and numbering systems.
This allows the sword to have the strength and the ability to hold a sharp edge, as well as to cause the sword to tend to bend rather than flex under stress. The process starts in the combining of the iron and carbon, by heating iron sand to 1200-1500 degrees Celsius in a traditional furnace, or tatara , for 72 hours.
X46Cr13 has good workability when hot, and potential to reach high hardness of up to 56 HRC. [4] [5] It contains a moderately high carbon ratio of approximately 0.46% which gives it a good compromise between high hardness and corrosion resistance for many applications.
Very hard steel (e.g. chisels, quality knife blades): HRC 55–66 (Hardened High Speed Carbon and Tool Steels such as M2, W2, O1, CPM-M4, and D2, as well as many of the newer powder metallurgy Stainless Steels such as CPM-S30V, CPM-154, ZDP-189. There are alloys that hold a HRC upwards 68-70, such as the Hitachi developed HAP72.
The origin of the name "Damascus Steel" is contentious. Islamic scholars al-Kindi (full name Abu Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, circa 800 CE – 873 CE) and al-Biruni (full name Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, circa 973 CE – 1048 CE) both wrote about swords and steel made for swords, based on their surface appearance, geographical location of production or forging, or the name of the ...