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Conditional gene knockout is a technique used to eliminate a specific gene in a certain tissue, such as the liver. [1] [2] This technique is useful to study the role of individual genes in living organisms. It differs from traditional gene knockout because it targets specific genes at specific times rather than being deleted from beginning of life.
4089 17128 Ensembl ENSG00000141646 ENSMUSG00000024515 UniProt Q13485 P97471 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005359 NM_008540 NM_001364967 NM_001364968 RefSeq (protein) NP_005350 NP_032566 NP_001351896 NP_001351897 Location (UCSC) Chr 18: 51.03 – 51.09 Mb Chr 18: 73.77 – 73.84 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse SMAD4, also called SMAD family member 4, Mothers against decapentaplegic ...
This figure depicts how Floxing is used in scientific research for spatial and temporal control of gene expression. In genetic engineering, floxing refers to the insertion of a DNA sequence (which is then said to be floxed) between two LoxP sequences, creating an artificial gene cassette which can then be conditionally deleted (knocked out), translocated, or inverted in a process called Cre ...
A complete gene knockout permanently inactivates the gene, while a conditional gene knockout allows for the gene to be turned off and on at specific times or in specific tissues. Conditional knockouts are particularly useful for studying developmental processes and for understanding the role of a gene in specific cell types or tissues.
The International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) is a scientific endeavour to produce a collection of mouse embryonic stem cell lines that together lack every gene in the genome, and then to distribute the cells to scientific researchers to create knockout mice to study.
Examples of research in which knockout mice have been useful include studying and modeling different kinds of cancer, obesity, heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, substance abuse, anxiety, aging and Parkinson's disease. Knockout mice also offer a biological and scientific context in which drugs and other therapies can be developed and tested.
Ron DePinho's group generated Foxo3 knockout mice, and showed that female exhibit a dramatic age-dependent infertility, due to premature ovarian failure. Gopinath et al ., found that FOXO3 promotes quiescence of muscle stem cells during self-renewal in a Notch-dependent mechanism using muscle stem cell-specific conditional knock out mice. <Stem ...
In tumors of mice with conditional knockout of RORγt+ Tregs was confirmed downregulation of IL-6, reduction of IL-6 expressing CD11c+ dendritic cells and overexpression of CTLA-4. IL-6 mediates activation of STAT3 transcription factor which is critical for proliferation of cancer cells. [59]
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