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This reversible reaction is commonly driven to product by the use of Dean-Stark apparatus or a dehydration agent to remove water. PhB(OH) 2 + 2 ROH ⇌ PhB(OR) 2 + 2 H 2 O. As an extension of this reactivity, PhB(OH) 2 can be used as a protecting group for diols and diamines. This reactivity is the basis of the use of phenylboronic acid's use ...
The trifluoromethyl group has a significant electronegativity that is often described as being intermediate between the electronegativities of fluorine and chlorine. [1] For this reason, trifluoromethyl-substituted compounds are often strong acids, such as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and trifluoroacetic acid.
Variations include another CF 3 donor potassium (trifluoromethyl)trimethoxyborate, [38] the use of aryl boronic acids [39] [40] or the use of a trifluoromethyl sulfonium salt [41] or the use of a trifluoromethylcopper(I) phenanthroline complex. [42]
4-Trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde is the organofluorine compound with the formula CF 3 C 6 H 4 CHO. Two other isomers are also known: 2-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde and 3-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde. These compounds are derivatives of benzaldehyde with trifluoromethyl substituents.
In fact, the addition of acid (H+) or hydroxide (OH-) acts to attenuate protodeboronation by shifting the speciation away from the reactive zwitterion. It is important to note that not all basic heteroaromatic boronic acids are reactive through a zwitterionic intermediate. Scheme for the speciation of 2-pyridine boronic acid in aqueous solution
The mechanism of organotrifluoroborate-based Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions has recently been investigated in detail. The organotrifluoroborate hydrolyses to the corresponding boronic acid in situ, so a boronic acid can be used in place of an organotrifluoroborate, as long as it is added slowly and carefully. [7] [8]
One example is [B 12 (CH 3) 12] 2-and its radical derivative [B 12 (CH 3) 12] −. [14] Related cluster compounds with carbon vertices are carboranes; the best known is orthocarborane, C 2 B 10 H 12. Carboranes have few commercial applications. Anionic derivatives such as [C 2 B 9 H 11] 2−, called dicarbollides, ligate similarly to ...
The general structure of a boronic acid, where R is a substituent. A boronic acid is an organic compound related to boric acid (B(OH) 3) in which one of the three hydroxyl groups (−OH) is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group (represented by R in the general formula R−B(OH) 2). [1]