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Layers of Pascal's pyramid derived from coefficients in an upside-down ternary plot of the terms in the expansions of the powers of a trinomial – the number of terms is clearly a triangular number. In mathematics, a trinomial expansion is the expansion of a power of a sum of three terms into monomials. The expansion is given by
Simplification is the process of replacing a mathematical expression by an equivalent one that is simpler (usually shorter), according to a well-founded ordering. Examples include:
where is an irreducible bivariate form of degree at least 3 over the rational numbers, and is a nonzero rational number. It is named after Axel Thue , who in 1909 proved that a Thue equation can have only finitely many solutions in integers x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} , a result known as Thue's theorem .
For instance, the polynomial x 2 + 3x + 2 is an example of this type of trinomial with n = 1. The solution a 1 = −2 and a 2 = −1 of the above system gives the trinomial factorization: x 2 + 3x + 2 = (x + a 1)(x + a 2) = (x + 2)(x + 1). The same result can be provided by Ruffini's rule, but with a more complex and time-consuming process.
Furthermore, you only need to do O(n) extra work if an extra point is added to the data set, while for the other methods, you have to redo the whole computation. Another method is preferred when the aim is not to compute the coefficients of p ( x ), but only a single value p ( a ) at a point x = a not in the original data set.
which if we make the simplifying assumption that b = 0, is equal to + + () This polynomial is of degree six, but only of degree three in z 2, and so the corresponding equation is solvable. By trial we can determine which three roots are the correct ones, and hence find the solutions of the quartic.
A polynomial function is one that has the form = + + + + + where n is a non-negative integer that defines the degree of the polynomial. A polynomial with a degree of 0 is simply a constant function; with a degree of 1 is a line; with a degree of 2 is a quadratic; with a degree of 3 is a cubic, and so on.
For example, if a system contains , a system over the rational numbers is obtained by adding the equation r 2 2 – 2 = 0 and replacing by r 2 in the other equations. In the case of a finite field, the same transformation allows always supposing that the field k has a prime order.