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A somersault (also flip, heli, and in gymnastics salto) is an acrobatic exercise in which a person's body rotates 360° around a horizontal axis with the feet passing over the head. [1] A somersault can be performed backwards, fowards or sideways and can be executed in the air or on the ground.
Examples of required elements included 360 degree turns on balance beam and a backwards salto (somersault) on floor exercise. Base score: The base score was the default Start Value of the routine, provided the gymnast fulfilled all required elements. This changed over the years and tended to lower as the codes went on.
A reverse somersault in the air. Backflips were banned in competition until 2024. [3]backspin A spin performed on a back outside edge base value A part of the ISU Judging System – a numeric value assigned to each technical element in a skater's program, designed to standardize the elements' potential scores in an attempt to make judging more impartial [4]
A roll is the most basic and fundamental skill in gymnastics class. There are many variations in the skill. Rolls are similar to flips in the fact that they are a complete rotation of the body, but the rotation of the roll is usually made on the ground while a flip is made in the air with the hips passing over the head and without any hands touching the ground.
Cassina Kovacs straight with 1/1 turn; named after Igor Cassina. Chestroll This skill to bend the back. It is also called a chin stand. Cartwheel The maneuver where one moves sideways, from hands to feet, in a straight line (in the motion that the wheel of a cart would follow), while keeping the back, arms, and legs straight, and the feet pointed.
Adolph – A single front somersault with three and a half twists. Full Half – A double front somersault with one twist in the first and a half twist in the second. Full Rudy – A double front somersault with one twist in the first and one and a half twists in the second. Frydolph – A single front somersault with four and a half twists.
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A rolling thunder refers to the action of a forward roll toward an opponent using the complete rotation to spring up onto their feet and into the air and perform an attack. The most popular version of this ends it with a jumping somersault senton. Rob Van Dam popularized this move.