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Pahlavi 3rd c. BCE Avestan 4th century; Palmyrene 2nd c. BCE; Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949; Syriac 2nd c. BCE Sogdian 2nd c. BCE Old Turkic 6th century Old Hungarian c. 650; Old Uyghur. Mongolian 1204; Mandaic 2nd century; Greek 8th c. BCE Etruscan 8th c. BCE Latin 7th c. BCE Deseret 1854; Great Lakes Algonquian 19th ...
A list of eighteen ancient scripts is found in the early Jaina texts, such as the Paṇṇavaṇā Sūtra (2nd century BCE) and the Samavāyāṅga Sūtra (3rd century BCE). [36] [37] These Jain script lists include Brahmi at number 1 and Kharoṣṭhi at number 4, but also Javanaliya (probably Greek) and others not found in the Buddhist lists ...
The earliest long text in Old Tamil is the Tolkāppiyam, an early work on Tamil grammar and poetics, whose oldest layers could be as old as the 2nd century BCE. [15] A large number of literary works in Old Tamil have also survived. These include a corpus of 2,381 poems collectively known as Sangam literature.
The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. The Parthenon in Athens, a symbol of Ancient Greece and Western Philosophy. This century saw the establishment of Pataliputra as a capital of the Magadha Empire. This city would later become the ruling capital of different Indian kingdoms for about a thousand ...
In 1954, forty-odd counting rods of the Warring States period (5th century BCE to 221 BCE) were found in Zuǒjiāgōngshān (左家公山) Chu Grave No.15 in Changsha, Hunan. [2] [3] [failed verification] In 1973, archeologists unearthed a number of wood scripts from a tomb in Hubei dating from the period of the Han dynasty (206 BCE to 220 CE ...
A very good example of the usage of palm leaf manuscripts to store history is a Tamil grammar book named Tolkāppiyam, written around the 3rd century BCE. [18] A global digitalization project led by the Tamil Heritage Foundation collects, preserves, digitizes, and makes ancient palm-leaf manuscript documents available to users via the internet.
The collection along with an English translation has been published in Clay Sanskrit Library under the title The Quartet of Causeries. [23] Ubhayabhisarika is set in Pataliputra and it is dated to somewhere between the 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE.
Many modern academics place the lifetime of the Alvars between the 5th century and 9th century CE. [3] Traditionally, the Alvars are considered to have lived between 4200 BCE and 2700 BCE . Orthodoxy posits the number of Alvars as ten, though there are other references that include Andal and Madhurakavi Alvar , making the number 12. [ 4 ]