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Ilustrado Politics: Filipino Elite Responses to American Rule, 1898–1908. Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN 978-971-550-439-3. Ingles, Raul Rafael (2008). A1908: The Way it Really was : Historical Journal for the UP Centennial, 1908–2008. University of the Philippines Press. ISBN 978-971-542-580-3
La Ilustración Filipina published its first issue on November 8, 1891, made of eight pages and a four-page cover, in two columns in cuarto.. La Ilustración Filipina must not be confused with Ilustración Filipina, a highly regarded illustrated magazine also published in the Philippines during the period between March 1, 1859, and December 15, 1860.
The 1st Philippine Legislature was the first session of the Philippine Legislature, the first representative legislature of the Philippines.Then known as the Philippine Islands, the Philippines under the sovereign control of the United States through the Insular Government.
Ilustración Filipina was a Spanish language magazine published in the Philippines, that was founded on March 1, 1859, and ran until December 15, 1860.. It was an illustrated bi-weekly whose lithographs are among the best that have been printed in the archipelago, thanks to the contributions of artists like Baltasar Giraudier, who was well known for his writings and lithographic work for other ...
The United States of America gained control of the Philippines following the 1898 Spanish–American War and the subsequent Philippine–American War. [4] In 1902, the United States Congress passed the first organic act for the Philippines, the Philippine Organic Act, which acted like a constitution from 1902 until it was replaced by the Jones Act of 1916.
L'Illustration (French pronunciation: [lilystʁasjɔ̃]; 1843–1944) was a French illustrated weekly newspaper published in Paris. [1] It was founded by Édouard Charton with the first issue published on 4 March 1843, it became the first illustrated newspaper in France then, after 1906, the first international illustrated magazine; distributed in 150 countries.
June 12, 1898 – Independence is proclaimed in Kawit by the Dictatorial Government of the Philippines. [16] June 18 – Aguinaldo proclaims dictatorial government. [17] [18] June 23, 1899 – Aguinaldo issues proclamation replacing his dictatorial government with a revolutionary one. [19] [20] January 22, 1899 – Promulgation of the Malolos ...
The ilustrado class was composed of Philippine-born and/or raised intellectuals and cut across ethnolinguistic and racial lines—mestizos (both de Sangleyes and de Español), insulares, and indios, among others—and sought reform through "a more equitable arrangement of both political and economic power" under Spanish tutelage.