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Owing to the ubiquity of the trade name Novocain or Novocaine, in some regions, procaine is referred to generically as novocaine. It acts mainly as a sodium channel blocker . [ 2 ] Today, it is used therapeutically in some countries due to its sympatholytic , anti-inflammatory , perfusion -enhancing, and mood-enhancing effects.
Language contact and lexical borrowing of English and Chinese: A comprehensive study. Shandong University Press. ISBN 978-7-5607-2382-2; Kate Parry; Xiaojun Su (3 April 1998). Culture, literacy, and learning English: voices from the Chinese classroom. Boynton/Cook Publishers. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-86709-448-0
A calque / k æ l k / or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word (Latin: "verbum pro verbo") translation. This list contains examples of calques in various languages.
Lin's Chinese-English Dictionary of Modern Usage comprises approximately 8,100 character head entries and 110,000 word and phrase entries. [10] It includes both modern Chinese neologisms such as xǐnǎo 洗腦 "brainwash" and many Chinese loanwords from English such as yáogǔn 搖滾 "rock 'n' roll" and xīpí 嬉皮 "hippie".
Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (simplified Chinese: 现代汉语词典; traditional Chinese: 現代漢語詞典; pinyin: Xiàndài Hànyǔ Cídiǎn; lit. 'Modern Han Language Word Dictionary'), also known as A Dictionary of Current Chinese [2] or Contemporary Chinese Dictionary, [1] is an important [note 1] one-volume dictionary of Standard Mandarin Chinese published by the Commercial Press, now into ...
Words of Chinese origin have entered European languages, including English. Most of these were direct loanwords from various varieties of Chinese.However, Chinese words have also entered indirectly via other languages, particularly Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese, that have all used Chinese characters at some point and contain a large number of Chinese loanwords.
[14] The dictionary's English translation equivalents usually can clarify Chinese part of speech; if 吃 chy [chī] is defined by the English verb "to eat", then it is itself also a verb. word classes are only specified in cases of ambiguity; 脂肪 jyfang [zhīfáng] "fat" is marked n. "noun" since English "fat" can also be an adjective. [15]
The Xinhua Zidian (Chinese: 新华字典; pinyin: Xīnhuá Zìdiǎn), also as Xinhua Dictionary, is a Chinese-language dictionary published by the Commercial Press. The first edition of Xinhua Zidian was published in 1957. The latest version is the 12th edition, which was published in August 2020.